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Adult stem cells
- undiff cell found among differentiated cells
- in niche, may be quiescent until activated by injury or turnover
- never "designed" for therapt to injury
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC)
- multipotent
- unlike EC cells, MSC can be exhausted in prolif potential
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Skeletal muscle stem cell
- satelite cells
- MONOPOTENT
- but can be multipotent & form other m
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Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSC)
- multipotent
- all blood cell types (lymphid and myeloid)
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Damage and Injury
Increases transdifferetiation or cell fusion
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Stem Cell Niche
- stable anatomical environment
- regulates how SC participate in tissue generation, maintenance, repair
- protects host from depleting SC's too quickly
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Niche locations
- Bone stem cell niche: osteoblast, inner surpface bone/vascular endothelium
- Hair follicle: IFE in basal layer, HF bulge, SG sebaceous gland
- GI-> Colon- crypts, Stomach- isthmus and neck region, SI= +4 paneth cells
- Germ cell: for spermatogonial monopotent- basal compartment with Setoli cells
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Telomerase
- not expressed in quiescent SC
- expressed in transit amplifying cells. (sperm)
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Embryinic Stem Cell (ES cell)
- inner cell mas of a blastocyst from early embryos
- cultures and induce differntiation to what you need
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