-
main components of gingko and how they are standardized
- flavonol glycosides 24%
- terpene lactones 6%
- nmt 5 ppm of ginkgolic acid
-
actions of gingko
- peripheral vasodilator and blood flow for intermittent claudication, vertigo, dizzy, Raynaud's phenomenon
- antiplatelet
- antioxidant
- mastitis and PMS
-
which herbal has a negative marker warning and what is it?
- alkyl phenol in ginkgo should be n.m.t. 5ppm (on the label)
- causes allergy
-
panax quinquefolius is the botanical source of ___.
american ginseng
-
main components of american ginseng
- >30 ginsenosides
- Rb1, Rg1
-
ginsenoside Rb1 structure looks like ___
cholesterol
-
actions of american ginseng
- adaptogen: relieve stress
- hypoglycemic: lower blood sugar
- mild CNS stimulant
- immunostimulant: improve resistance to infection
- stimulant: fatigue, general weakness
- antioxidant
- decrease oxidation of LDL and brain tissue
- promote blood ethanol clearance
-
panax ginseng is the botanical name of?
ginseng asian
-
eleutherococcus senticosus is the botanical name of?
siberian ginseng (diff from asian and american)
-
main component of siberian ginseng
eleutherosides (not ginsenosides)
-
vitis vinifera is the botanical name of?
grape seed extract (GSE)
-
main component of grape seed extract?
what do they do?
- oligomeric proanthocyanidin complex (OPC)
- aka procyanidin or anthocyanoside
- OH's trap free radicals (antioxidant)
-
what are the three products that are similar to grape seed extract?
- red wine extract
- pycnogenol
- resveratrol
-
what are the two main components of red wine extract?
- oligomeric proanthocyanidin complex (OPC)
- resveratrol
-
where is pycnogenol from?
- pine bark
- this is a product similar to grape seed extract
-
what is this - trans-3,4,5-trihydroxystilbene?
resveratrol
-
what are the botanical sources of resveratrol?
- red grapes
- peanuts
- japanese knotweed
- rhizome
-
which resveratrol is better and why?
trans vs. cic
- trans
- more potent, active, stable, absorbable
-
polygonum cuspidatum - what is this and what popular product does it produce?
- japanese knotwood
- resveratrol
-
camellia sinensis is the botanical source of __
green tea
-
main components of green tea
- alkaloids
- polyphenol
- flavonoids
- vitamin K
- tannin
-
actions of green tea
- astringent
- antiplatelet
- anticancer
- antioxidant
-
what are the two flavonoid components in tea?
- epicatechin
- epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)
-
piper methysticum is the botanical source of __
kava
-
what is kava for?
anticonvulsant, sedative
-
what is the only herbal product with FDA warning that we learned?
what is it?
- kava
- death in the past with hepatotoxicity
-
hypericum perforatum is the botanical source of ___
st. john's wort
-
main components of st johns wort
- hypericin, pseudohypericin
- hyperforin
- essential oil
-
what does st john's wort do?
- antidepressant (mild)
- sedative
- skin healer
-
precautions of st john's wort
- photosensitivity
- hives
- increase BP
- fatigue
-
serenoa repens is the botanical source of?
saw palmetto
-
main components of saw palmetto
- fixed oil, fatty acids
- high MW polysaccharide
- phytosterol
-
what is baldrinal?
degradation product from valerian that may be responsible for sedative action
-
two best dosage forms for saw palmetto
- standardized lipophilic extract (tab)
- fluid extract
-
two government herbal product resources?
- Medline Plus
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Med
-
three diff sources of echinacea and which 2 should you use?
- e. angustifolia and e. purpurea: use this
- e. pallida is unreliable
-
some of the main componenets of echinacea?
- echinacoside
- cichoric acid
- polysaccharide
- polyacetylene
-
uses of echinacea?
- upper resp tract infxn
- uti, vaginal yeast, recurrent herpes
- wound heal
-
important side effect and concern for echinacea
allergic reaction esp for those with asthma, atopy or allergy to pollen
-
oenothera biennis is the botanical source of __
evening primrose
-
main components of evening primrose
fixed oil - linoleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA; omega-6 f.a.)
-
use of evening primrose
- cyclic/non-cyclic mastalgia
- RA
- eczema
-
allium sativum is the botanical source of __
garlic
-
what is the active ingredient of garlic?
garlic oil - voltaile oil
-
why does garlic smell?
b/c solid sulfoxide of alliin converts to liquid thiosulfinate allicin
-
use of garlic
- against plaque formation
- lower incidence of stomach, colorectal cancer
-
normalize pH
a) positive magnetic field
b) negative magnetic field
-
lower oxygenation
a) positive magnetic field
b) negative magnetic field
- pos
- neg promotes oxygenation
-
promotes cellular edema
a) positive magnetic field
b) negative magnetic field
- pos
- neg reduces cellular edema
-
reduce symptoms, infxn, microbial growth, pain
a) positive magnetic field
b) negative magnetic field
-
promotes sleep rest and relaxation
a) positive magnetic field
b) negative magnetic field
- neg
- pos promotes wake and activity
-
catabolic hormone release
a) positive magnetic field
b) negative magnetic field
-
release GH, melatonin
a) positive magnetic field
b) negative magnetic field
- neg
- these are anabolic hormones
- pos release catabolic hormones
-
speed electrical activity of brain
a) positive magnetic field
b) negative magnetic field
-
eliminate free radical
a) positive magnetic field
b) negative magnetic field
-
biologically normalizing
a) positive magnetic field
b) negative magnetic field
-
goal of naturopathy
what is involved?
- cure, prevent, restore
- patient education for physical and emotional, herbal etc, therapeutic counseling
-
you do not need licensure for naturopathy. T or F
-
what does essential nutrients mean?
what are these?
- those derived from food that cannot be made by the body but are absolutedly needed
- 8 amino acids, all vitamins, 2 fatty acids (linoleninc, linoleic)
-
what are accessory nutrients?
- work along with the essential nutrients to convert foods into energy and to support body physical adn mental function
- choline, inositol, PABA, bioflavonoids, aa (Ala, cys, gln, Tyr, carnitine, taurine), CoQ, digest enz, probiotics
-
what is an approach to medicine based on the use of natural substances normally present within the human body?
orthomolecular medicine
-
what should you do before using orthomolecular medicine?
- diagnostic tests to detect what molecules are needed for tx
- 2 diff tests - potentially save life, improve health
-
orthomolecular medicine diagnostic tests that can potentially save life
- ESR (indicate infxn, inflam)
- LDL
- fibrinogen
- homocysteine
- blood chem panel
- CBC
- free T4, free T3
- hemoglobin
-
orthomolecular med dx test that can improve health
- amino acids in blood
- allergy test
- essential fatty acids in RBC
- organic acids in urine
- stool analysis
- vitamin panel, mineral panel
-
orthomol med:
2 conditions niacin treat
-
orthomol med:
b-cartene treats...
cancer
-
orthomol med:
2 conditions folic acid treats
- neural tube defect
- cervical dysplasia
-
orthomol med:
iv Mg sulfate is used for..
speed up recovery from heart attack
-
orthomol med:
what helps for high bp during surgery or complication of post surgery?
-
orthomol med:
chromium used for regulate what?
- response to sugar and insulin in diabetics
- also lower cholesterol
-
orthomol med:
what to use for muscle pain, spasm, fatigue
- Mg chloride (sulfate is for MI recovery)
- Ca glycerophosphate
- vitamin (B complex)
-
orthomol med:
what to use for ischemia or low blood flow
- vitamin combo
- essential fatty acids
- Cys and Arg
-
inspection and palpation of soft tissue is an important dx measure in...
osteopathy
-
difference btwn osteopathy and chiropractice
- chiro emphasis on spine
- osteo primarily bone (joint and muscle)
-
nonsurgical medical tx to facilitate the repair of injured tendon, ligament of joint by stimulating production of connective tissue (collagen).
- prolotherapy
- (proliferating)
-
whats sylnasol?
which therapy is this?
- sodium psylliate (fatty acid from psyllium plant)
- for varicose vein, hemorroids, close wound, stop bleed (sclerosing agent)
- prolotherapy
-
reflexology involves which body parts?
- hands, feet, ears
- zone therapy
-
similarity and difference btwn reiki and therapeutic massage
- both don't touch
- talking involved in reiki
-
what's shiatsu?
- finger pressure
- similiar to acupressure
-
what do yin and yang refer to in traditional chinese med?
- yin - tissues and organs (thyroid)
- yang - activity (hypothyroidism)
-
pranayama?
controlled deep breathing in yoga
-
asanas?
physical posture in yoga
-
dhayana?
meditation in yoga
-
yoga is used for...
- back pain
- tension, anxiety, epilepsy, depression
- asthma
- diabetes
- alcoholism
- osteo/rheumatoid arth
- insomnia
- MS
-
use of acupuncture
- chronic pain, smoking, alcholism, drug addiction
- duodenal ulcer
- NV
- hotflash, night sweat
-
purpose of moxibustion
vasodilation for blood circulation
-
aromatherapy physiological effect
alter brain wave
-
three diff methods of aromatherapy
- inhalation
- external app - MUST dilute with carrier oil
- internal app
-
ayurveda involves what special technique?
surgical
-
in ayurveda, person has __ elements and __ doshas (humors)
-
what are phys assessment in ayurveda?
- heart, lung, intestine
- pulse, tongue, eye, nail
- urine
-
first step of ayurveda?
establish constitution
-
what is biofeedback?
self control involuntary vital functions
-
can you use biofeedback for broken bone and slipped disc?
no
-
what should you do before biofeedback?
electrodes must be applied to check baseline via comp
-
neurotherapy is what type of therapy?
biofeedback
-
does chelation therapy have to be prescribed by a doctor?
yes
-
what should you do before chelation therapy? why?
- check renal function
- chelation eliminated via urine
-
how do toxins bind in chelation therapy?
non-covalently
-
what are examples of iv chelation
how long should it be done over?
- BAL(contains arsenic; dimercaprol; british anti-lewisite)
- DMSA
- DMPS
- EDTA
- slowly over 3h
-
examples of oral chelation
- D-penicillamine
- L-cysteine
- N-acetylcysteine
- DMSA, EDTA (also avail in iv)
-
are drugs and surgery used in chiropractice?
nope
-
you need licensure to practice chiro. yes?
yes
-
cavitation.
which therapy?
chiropractice
-
three laws of homeopathy
- law of similium
- law of similarity
- law of infinitesimal
-
what does this mean?
drug 6C
- C is 1:100.
- take one part of drug, dilute 100 times.
- repeat this for 6 times.
-
for law of infinitesimal in homeopathy,
what do X, C and M mean?
- X is 1:10
- C is 1:100
- M is 1:1000
-
4 types of hydrotherapy
- hot
- cold
- contrast
- ice and contrast
-
what enema is used before X ray? what does it do?
- barium chloride enema
- define edges of intestine
- look for tumor, masses, diverticular
-
what kind of therapy is hyperthermia?
fever induction therapy
-
2 kinds of bath for hyperthermia
- whirlpool bath
- neutral bath
-
what is the most powerful non-pharmacological relaxing agent available?
hypnotherapy
-
can you see any doctor for hypnotherapy?
no, must see a regular doctor
-
which therapy is used for breech baby?
- baby comes from feet frist
- use moxibustion
-
is prebiotic digestible? what food category is it?
- non-digestible
- functional food
-
general examples of prebiotics? where found?
- oligosaccharides
- generally carbs found in plants
- also some soluble fibers (pectin, gum)
-
prebiotic only for animal
mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS)
-
examples of probiotics?
- live beneficial bacteria
- Bacillus spp
- lactobacillus
- bifididobacterium
- enterococcus
- sacharomyces (yeast)
- streptococcus
-
how do probiotic work on food?
microbe convert carb to more digestible and nutritious
-
only time probiotic is harmful?
when people can't tolerate acidity of lactic acid
-
fungus (probiotic) that may alleviate IBS and promote baby growth
bifido infantis
-
what's BLIS K12
- oral probiotic bacteria combined witih gum
- immune system boost
- kill germ with acidity
-
what's rosell-11?
combined with cranberry as cysbiotic
-
what's ganedenBC30?
- combined with milk
- probiotic
-
bacteria source of kimchi and saurkraut
cabbage
-
sauerkraut bacteria?
- leuconostoc
- lactobacillus
- pediococcus
-
diff between tofu and tempeh
- tofu is partial food (coagulated protein)
- tempeh is complete food
-
bacteria added in natto
b.subtilis
-
benefits of natto
- prevent clot
- dec cholesterol
- degrade amyloid (good for Alzheimer)
-
bacteria added in miso
fugus aspergillos oryzae
-
bacteria added in tempeh
rhizopus oligosporus
-
two probiotics that require important temp
- sauerkraut - 15 deg (otherwise mushy)
- tempeh - 35 deg (otherwise black spore patch)
-
bacteria added in yakult
lactobacillus casei shirota
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