ANATOMY OF THE HEART - CARDIO EXAM REVIEW

• **Digestive sys 4 Nutrients
• **CV also circulates wast products 2 certain organ sys's 2 remove it frm the blood

the Thoracic Cavity in the Mediastinum area bet. the 2 Lungs

• 1. It's a double sided & Cone shaped hollow muscular organ
• 2. it's abt the size of clenched or closed fists
• 3. It's situated behind the Sternum {Ribcage}
• 4. It's a 4 chambered pumping organ
• 5. 2/3rds of its Cardiac structure rests on the LT side

• * R usually unvoluntary
• * Functions of the heart: Blood circulation/Pumping
• * RT side of the heart carries De/Oygenated blood {C0₂}
• * LT sde of the heart carries Oxygenated blood {O₂}

• 1. Attria/Atrium
• 2. (2)
• * Sep by the InterAtrial Septum*

• *Work horses of the heart
• *Sep by InterVentricular Septum
• *Septum divides the heart in/2 RT/LT sides

• 1) Tiss leaflets tht prevents the bk flow of the blood inside the heart
• 2) There R "2" types of valves they R:
• * AtrioVentricular (AV) Valves
• * Semilunar Valves

• 1. Tricuspid Valve: Loc'd on the RT sde of the heart
• - in bet the RT Atrium & RT Ventricle

• 2. Bicuspid/Mitral Valve: Loc'd on the LT sde of the heart
• - in bet the LT Atrium & LT Ventricle

• 1) Pulmonic/Pulmonary Valve: loc'd inbet RT/Ventricle & PA
• 2) Aortic Valve: loc'd inbet the LT/Ventricle & the Aorta

Venae Cava: is the biggest vein of the bdy & it has 2 branches

1.) SVC/Superior Venae Cava: coll's de/oxygenated blood frm the U/prt of the bdy

2.) IVC/Inferior Venae Cava: collects de/oxygenated blood frm the lower prt of the bdy

• * Ascending Aorta/Aortic Arch:
• - supplies every organ of the U/prt of the bdy w. ox/ygenated blood

*Desending Aorta: Supplies every organ of the lower part of the bdy w. oxygenated blood

• * Arteries - carry blood away frm the heart
• * Veins- carry blood 2/ward the heart frm tiss's
• * Capillaries-delicate vessels carry nutrient rich blood away from the Arteries & Arterioles

* there R 2 PA's tht connect the heart w/the RT/LT lungs

* Carry de/oxygenated blood frm the RT/Ventricle 2 the LT/RT Lungs.

(4) Veins carry oxygenated blood frm LT/RT lungs 2 the LT Atrium

Carries oxygenated blood away frm the heart

Carries deoxygenated blood 2/ward the heart

Carries de/oxygenated blood frm the heart 2 the Lungs

Carry oxygenated blood frm the Lungs 2 the heart.

• * All Arteries carry blood away frm the heart.
• * All Veins carry blood 2/ward the heart
• * All Arteries carry Oxygenated blood, except the Pulmonary Arteries
• * All Veins carry De/Oxygenated blood except Pulmonary Veins {PV}

Heart Beat = 1 Cardiac Cycle

• The Atria Contracts & Relaxes
• Ventricles Contract & Relax

• 1. Lubb: Ventricles contract & AV valves close
• 2. Dubb: Atria contract & SemiLunar valves close

• *Stronges Blood Vessels*
• *Carry blood Away frm the Heart*
• * Under High Pressure*

Small branches of the arteries

Biggest Artery of human body

Supply blood 2 the heart muscles

• * Blood under No Pressure in Veins*
• * It doesn't move very easily*
• * It's mving bec of skeletal muscles contraction*
• *Sympatic nervous sys also influences pressure*
• **Valves PREVENT BackFlow of the blood*

* Group of cuff/structures tht send electrical impulses through the heart

• Sinotrial Node:
• * locates @ wall of RT/Atrium
• * Generates Impulse
• ** Natural Pacemaker
• * Send Impulse 2 AV Node

• AtrioVentricular Node:
• - located bet RT/Atrium & RT/Ventricle
• - Stimulates Atria contraction
• * Sends impulses 2 the Bundle Of His {BOFH}

• Bundle Of His:
• * Located @ the InterVentricular Septum
• * Has 2 Branches: LT/RT
• * Sends an impulse 2 Parkinje Fibers

• * Located @ lateral walls of Ventricles
• * * Stimulate Ventricular Contraction