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mandalas
symmetric paintings that monks contemplate
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mantra
ritual chanting associated with mandalas
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epic songs
long narrations of poems sung by trained bands
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multiphonic singing
singers producing more than one tone at once
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tone-contour melodies
- unlike melodies with discrete pitch variations
- subtle and continuous fluctuations of timbre, loudness, and sliding pitches
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tantras
books of religious teachings for Tibetan Buddhists
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Bon
Tibet's indigenous religion
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shamans
- Practitioners of Bon
- Use music to mediate between spiritual forces of earth and people
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Dalai Lama
Spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhists
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dung-chen
- Long metal trumpets that play low tones
- Associated with the force of winds
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rul-mo
- Cymbals that controls the rhythm in Tibetan music
- Also the style of music of Tibetan Buddhists
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dbyangs
Chants where melodies consist of subtle changes in timbre, loudness, and sliding pitches
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nga chin
- Double headed bass drum
- Accompanies rul-mo
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rgya-gling
Double reeds accompanying rul-mo music
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kungling
- Small trumpets in rul-mo music
- Made of bone or metal
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brdung
- Series of accelerating cymbal strikes
- Arranged in set patterns
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Mahakala Puja
- Ritual of chant, instruments and offerings
- Made to the protector deity Mahakala
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melisma
Many notes to a single syllable
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sgra-snyan
- Long fretless lute
- Used in Tibetan folk music
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lhamo
Long performances of epic songs
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nangma
- Art music of Tibet
- Features hammered dulcimer and heterophonic singing
-
ger
Traditional tent home of Mongolians
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urtyn duu
- Mongolian long song
- Has expansive nonpulsatile melodic elaborations
- Feature wide ranges, melismas, pitch slides, vibrato, and falsetto'
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bogino duu
- Mongolian short song
- Fixed meter and limited ornamentation
- Syllabic and strophic
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tuul'
Mongolian epic songs
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morin huur
- Heterophonically accompanies a singer of tuul'
- Large bowed lute
- Hoomii
- Throat singing
- Multiphonic singing in Mongolia
- Singer sings a low pitch and changes mouth shape to amplify overtones and create a melody
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programmatic music
- Music for solo instruments
- Stories behind songs are recognized by audience
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khomuz
- Jaw's harp
- Player plucks a tongue of metal or wood that resonates in the mouth
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topshuur
- Two-string unfretted lute
- Accompanies music in Western Mongolia
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limba
Small transverse bamboo flute
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Hoyor Bor
- "Two Dark horses"
- Excerpt from a long song about horses
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