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Mesenchyme
- •first definitive tissue
- •forms all other CT Muscle, bone, blood
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3 primary germ layers:
- Ectoderm: outer
- Mesoderm: middle
- Endoderm: inner
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Endoderm
Mucous membrane of digestive and respiratory tracts
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Connective Tissue
Diverse group: most abundant and widely distributed Support, protection
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GS takes up more space
Cells occupy less spaceloosely associated cellsNot in direct contact with one another
• varying vascularization
• derived from mesoderm
Connective Tissue
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*binding of organs (tendons bind muscle to bone)
*support (cartilage and bone)
*protection (e.g., cranium, ribs, fatty cushions)
*movement (bones –levers; cartilage - joints)
*storage (fat)
*transport (blood)
Connective Tissue
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Not a category of Conntective Tissue?
1. Fibourus "Loose"
2. Fiborus "Dense"
3. Fiborus "Semi- Dense"
4. Fluid (Blood)
3. Fiborus "Semi-Dense"
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Gelatinous to rubbery consistency
Protects cells from injury
Ground substance
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3 classes of molecules:
1.Glycosaminoglycans (GAG)Negatively charged:
attracts Na+ and K+Absorbs and holds water (regulation)Many
types Example: hyaluronic acid (lubricant in joints)
2.Proteoglycan: forms
thick colloidsSlows progress of pathogens & creates structural
bonds
3.Adhesive glycoproteins: protein-carbo.Bind plasma membrane proteins
to collagen and proteoglycans outside the cell
Ground substance (matrix)
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Tough, flexible but resists stretching (“struts”)
Most abundant of body’s proteins
White fibers on fresh tissue
Collagenous Fibers
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made of elastin (coiled structure allows it to stretch and recoil like rubber band)
Gives the skin, lungs and arteries the ability to spring back
Elastic Fibers
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thin collagen fibers coated with glycoprotein
-Sponglike framework
-Spleen and lymph nodes
Reticular Fibers
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large and fusiform
-Produces the fibers and GS that form tissue
-Most CT cells are THIS
Fibroblasts
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phagocytic cells
-Engulf and destroy bacteria and waste
Macrophages
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attack bacteria
Leukocytes
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Lymphocytes
Dense patches of tiny WBCs
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certain lymphocytes turn into THIS
-Synthesize antibodies (disease fighting proteins)
Plasma Cells
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secretes chemicals
-Inhibits blood clotting and increases blood flow
Mast Cells
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Connective Tissue:
It's three fibers are...
- •collagen (struts)
- •reticular fibers (cables)
- •elastic fibers (rubber bands)
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Connective Tissue:
One of these is NOT a cell in the Connective Tissue
1. Fibroblasts
2. Osteoblasts
3. Macrophages
4. Adipose Cells
5. Mast Cell
2. Osteoblasts
Osteoblasts are found in the skeletal tissue
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What loose conntective tissue (Proper) is this?:
widespread
packing material
water reservoir
Areolar
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What loose conntective tissue (Proper) is this?:
fat cells (adipocytes) with little matrix
energy reservoir (18% of BW)
Adipose
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What loose conntective tissue (Proper) is this?:
mesh of reticular fibers, fibroblasts
scaffold (stroma) for other cells (spleen)
space amid the fibers is filled with blood cells
Reticular Connective Tissue
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