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Why do growers take records?
- 1. Its required by the Gov.'t
- 2. Obtain credit
- 3. aid management in making decisions
- 4. Quality for disaster/ crop insurance or compenasation
- 5. day to day records: cu yrds of medium, grades of plants produced, hours of labor
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What kind of things are important to record?
- general info about plants
- propagation information
- scheduling
- results: % take, quality of product, length of time
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When choosing a location, what things must be considered?
- Physical: slope/exposure
- water sources/ quality
- environment
- labor, parking (convenience)
- Utilities
- Transportation to markets
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What is a disadvantage of an established site?
You must make do with what you have. You can't manipulate the system too much.
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Waht is an adventage to a new open site?
- You design it from scratch
- function area lay-out
** keep transportation in mind!
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What are 3 planning considerations?
Plant related: stock plants, cuttings, treatment and handling of plants
Buildings/ stuctures: storage, ops, employee comfort, propagation, access, machinery, heat/cool
materials: media (mixing), containers, chemicals, access to new materials.
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What are two functions of propagation structures?
Modify the environment: light, water (moisture/humidity), temperature, gases (if enclosed)
protect from : pathogens, , pests, wind, cold/heat, heavy weather
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Name 5 types of greenhouse covering materials and describe.
Glass: various pane sizes, breakage, high cost, lasts long, heavy
Plastic film: polyethylene, polyvinylchloride, 2-8 cm thick, single and double thickness, longevity a problem
Flexi plastic sheeting: acrylic, polycarbinate, shatter-resistant, filter heat transfer
Fiberglass: less used than any other
Saran netting: woven/knitted, various degrees of light transmission
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describe a lean to greenhouse
- usually residential
- light availability an issue
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describe an even-span greenhouse
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describe an uneven span greenhouse
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describe a ridge and furrow greenhouse
same as even span, but one right after the other, share walls
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Why are greenhouses white?
to relight light
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What are some problems with soil as a propagative medium?
- toxicity
- salinity
- sanitation (diseases)
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What are some sources of disease?
- fertilizers
- containers
- soil
- water
- organic matter
- planting stock
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At what height should cuttings be taken from to avoid disease problems?
higher than 18 inches
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what are 4 functions of medium?
holding cutting in place
provide moisture for cutting
permits penetration of air to cutting base
holds nutrients (not important if cutting doesn't have roots yet)
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What are desirable traits of a propagative medium?
ability of medium to support cutting
Easy sticking of cuttings into medium
adequate aeration and free drainage
- development of fiberous root system
- -texture:
- coarse: brittle roots, less chance for survival
- fine: fiberous roots, more sturdy
retains structure during rooting
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What is optimum porosity of rooting medium?
30% air porosity
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3 criteria for good drainage.
Well- graded product
product retains structure during rooting
must allow for changes in the environment and plant, can you alter the conditions for better rooting?
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What things must be considered when discussing sanitation of rooting medium?
free of weed seed, nemetodes, pests
pasteurizable, can it be fumigated?
low salt content?
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What is the key to success in plant propagation?
good water management
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What is a optimum c:n ratioand CEC of a propagative medium?
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Name and describe 5 types of plant containers used on the market.
seed germination: plug flat
cutting propagation: metal flat, plug units
growing on of seedling, liners, rootstocks
containers for salable plants
decorative containers
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Name 6 things to consider when choosing a TYPE of container.
# of times it can be used/reused
Kind of medium(texture , size , aeration, drainage)
Weight of the medium
bench size
irrigation system used
use of automated machinery
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What are 16 characteristics of a container that should be considered after the choice of container material has be established?
- Uniformity
- appearance
- ease of de-nesting (seperating from eachother)
- cost
- sturdiness
- merketing decisions
- size
- shipping operations
- shape
- consumer requests
- ease of plant removal
- plant growth
- drainage
- waste disposal
- space usage
- recyling
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what is an elle pot?
medium rolled in paper, like a big cigarette, cut into pot sized pieces
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Name the 3 most important factors in plant propagation.
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Describe "interations" between factors of propagation.
most common: light and Temp
intensity factors: ie temp, light quantity
controlling one factor effects one or more others
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What is a plant's microclimate?
the area immediately around the plant
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What is the optimal wavelength of electromagnetic radiation spectrum for growth?
380-750 nm
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Plants use ___ and ____ light for photosynthesis.
blue and red
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plants use ___ and ___ light for photoperiodism
red and far red
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photomorpogenesis is responsible for...
normal stem and leaf growth. branching, leaf enlargement
(Red and I Red)
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