-
appetite stimulants
-gaba
-opiates
-
appetite suppressants
-serotonin
-calcitonin
-
Benzodiapepines (appetite stimulants)
What are the drugs and in who
-Diazepam, oxazepam
-most effective in cats
-
Cyproheptadine ....what is it?
- appetite stimulant
- -anti-serotonin action
-
Fenfluramine
- -anoretic agents by increasing serotonin level
- -withdrawn from the market bc heart valve disease
-
Slentrol
anti-obesity in dogs
-
Ipecac
- -emetic
- -30 minutes until onset of action
- -can use 2 doses
- -NEVER USE IN CATS
-
Apomorphine hydrochloride
- -derivative of morphine
- -ONLY IN DOGS
- -SINGLE DOSE
- -2-10 min onset
- - not for animals with central depression
- -use in the eyeball....can remove it when the dog pukes
-
xylazine
- -induces vomiting in cats
- -side effect=bradycardia
-
anti-histiminergics (centrally acting)
- -blocks pukes caused by motion sickness or inner ear disease
- -block h1 receptors at vestibular apparatus, and at CTZ and emetic center
- -side effects xerostomia, drowsiness
-
anti-muscarinics (centrally acting emetic)
- -can penetrate the blood brain barrier
- -used to control motion sickness in dogs
- -side effects = xerostomia, drowsiness, constipation
-
centrally acting anti-emetics
block impulses at higher center and emetic center
- -antihistiminergics
- -antimuscarinics
- -antidopaminergics
-
anti-emetic drugs a CTZ
- (peanut butter makes pies)
- -phenothiazine
- -butyrophenones
- -metoclopramide
- -peripherial 5-HT3, serotonin antagonists
-
Phenoithiazine
- -ctz
- -anti-dop, anti-hist, anti-cholinergic properties
- -broad spectrum antiemetic (blocks vomiting an czt and emetic center)
-
what are the phenothiazine drugs?
- -chlorpromazine
- -acepromazine
- -prochlorperazine
- -not for animals with seizures bc it lowers threshold for seizures
- -causes sedation and hypotension
-
butyrophenones
what are the drugs, and what does it do?
- -haloperidol, droperidol
- -major tranquilizer with anti-emetic action
- -antagonizes dopamine receptors
- -side effects = hypotension and sedation
- -ctz
-
metoclopramide
- -dopamine and serotonin receptor antag.
- -anti-emetic at ctz
- -IT ANTAGONIZES APOMORPHINE INDUCED EMESIS
- -side effects are hyperactivity, restlessness, tremors, constipation
-
peripherial 5-HT3, serotonin antagonists
- -anti-emetic at ctz and chemotherapeutic agents
- -blocks serotonin receptors in git
- -
-
Cyproheptadine
- -peripherial 5-HT3
- -ondansteron-control emesis induced by chemotherapeutic agents/radiation therapy
-
cerenia
- -new anti-emetic drug for dogs
- -preventing motion sickness
- -
-
peripherally acting anti-emetics
...what do they do?
- drugs that protect GI from gastric irritation
- -antacids
-
anticholinergics
- -decrease gi motility
- -inhibit peripheral cholinergic transmission
- -do not cross the blood brian marrier
- -inhibit vagal afferent impulses
- -relief of gi smooth muscle spasms
- -inhibit gastro-emetic secretions
-
histamine
-gi secretions ....duh
-
pgs
-increase the mucous and bicarb secretion
-
anti-cholinergics
decrease gastric secretory
-
atropine and propantheline
- -decreases gastric motility and secretion
- -(anti-cholinergics)
-
pirenzepine
- -reduces food-induced gastric acid secretion
- -anti cholinergic
-
H2 receptor antagonists
-famotidine>ramtinidine=nizatidine>cimetidine
-
Cimetidine
- -well absorbed; food delays absorption
- -give frequently
- -(gastric anti-sec. drug)
-
Ranitidine
- -not impaired by food
- -gastric anti-sec. drug
-
famotidine
- -poor oral absorption
- -most potent
- -gasric-anti sec drug
-
nizatidine
- -rapidally and completely absorbed
- -preferred drug for patients with hepatic disease (eliminated by renal excretion)
-
H2 antagonists....what for?
ulcers
-
omeprazole
- -proton pump inhibitor
- -irreversible inhib of proton pump
- -bypasses the stomach and is absorbed in small intestines (parietal cells) to block it.
- -use for ulcers
- used in combination therapy
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