Tiff Ch15

The ability to cause disease.

The extent of pathogenicity.

3 portals of entry for pathogens:

The number of microorganisms required to produce an infection in 50% of the test host population.

Lethal dose (of a toxin) for 50% of the test population.

Describe the adhesion process between a pathogen and it's host:

Enzymes that coagulate blood:

Enzymes that digest fibrin clots;

Enzyme; Hydrolyses hyaluronic acid:

Enzyme; Hydrolyzes collagen:

Enzyme that destroys IgA antibodies:

Enzyme that takes iron from host iron-binding proteins:

Enzyme that alters surface proteins:

Substances that contribute to pathogenicity:

Ability to produce a toxin:

Presence of toxin in the host's blood:

Inactivated toxin used in a vaccine:

Antibodies against a specific toxin:

Part of the outer portion of the cell wall (lipid A) of most gram-negative bacteria; released on destruction of the cell:

A protein toxin released from living, mostly gram-positive bacterial cells; membrane disrupting toxins; lyse cell by either making protein channels or disrupting phospholipid bilayer:

___ waste products may cause symptoms.

___ fungal infections provoke an allergic response.

___ toxins inhibit protein synthesis.

Fungi contain ___, which is an enzyme that begins the breakdown of proteins.

Fungi contain capsules which prevent the process of ___.

A toxin produced in sclerotia by the fungus Claviceps purpurea that causes ergotism.

Fungal property: A carcinogenic toxin produced by Aspergillus flavus.

A toxin produced by a fungus, including mushrooms:

The presence of ___ and their waste products often produces disease symptoms in the host.

___ avoid the defenses of the host by growing in phagocytes and antigenic variation.

Some of these organisms actually use host tissues for their own growth or produce large parasitic masses; the resulting cellular damage evokes the symptoms.

Paralytic shellfish poisoning and domoic acid intoxication are examples of the pathogenic properties of ___.

The path by which a pathogen leaves the body is termed:

A portal of exit for a pathogen is the ___ ___ by coughing, sneezing, etc.

A portal of exit for a pathogen is the ___ ___ by feces or saliva.

A portal of exit for a pathogen is the ___ ___ by urine and vaginal secretions.

A portal of exit for a pathogen is the ___ by sweating.

A portal of exit for a pathogen is the ___ biting arthropods, needles or syringes.