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What are connective tissues?
most abundant & dirvese tissue that has cells seperated by a large amount of nonliving extracellular matrix
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What are the 4 main types of connective tissue?
- connective tissue proper
- cartilage
- bone
- blood
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What are the 4 basic functions of connective tissue?
- 1. support & bind other tissues - ligaments & tendons supports joints & attach bone to bone & muscle to bone
- 2. hold body fluids - blood contains plasma which holds a high % of water
- 3. Defends the body against infection - immune system arise from mesenchyme and are found in many different types of connective tissue
- 4. store nutrients - adipose cells store fat, bone cells store calcium
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What is connective tissue proper?
forms the supportive framework of different organs & is made up of the following main components fibers, ground substance, immune cells, & adipose cells.
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What is areolar tissue?
a model connective tissue that is the most abudant type that supports & binds other tissues, holds fluids, stores nutrients & defends against infection
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What are the 3 fibers of areolar tissue?
- Collagen Fibers
- Reticular Fibers
- Elastic Fibers
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What is Collagen fibers?
the strongest & withstand pulling
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What are reticular fibers?
bundles of collagen fibrils forming a network for support
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what are elastic fibers?
long & thin and form wide networks within extracelular matrix, allow tissues to reshape when stretched.
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What are Macrophages?
big eaters that engulf (phagocytic) foreign materials
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What are plasma cells?
secrete antibodies (proteins that destroy cells)
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What are mast cells?
cause inflammation
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What is Adipose Tissue?
- 90% fat cells (white adipose), highly vascularized, found below skin & mesenteries, cushions kidneys & eyes.
- - loose connective tissue
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What is dense connective tissue?
- contains high % of collagen.
- - irregular dense: thick collagen fibers running in different planes
- - regular dense: fibers that run parallel to the pull direction, poorly vascularized, makes up tendons & ligaments, high amount of elastic fibers
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What is cartilage?
firm but flexible, high tissue fluid in comparison to bone, no blood vessels or nerve innervation, has chondrocytes & chondroblasts
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What are the 3 types of cartilage?
hyaline, elastic, & fribrocartilage
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What is bone tissue?
highly supportive & protective, matrix has inorganic salts, high collagen fiber content, low fluid content, & has osteocytes
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What is blood?
develops from mesenchyme cells & has plasma (nonliving matrix). It transports nutrients and cells.
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What is muscle tissue?
involved in body movement because cells are capable of contraction. contains myofilaments (muscle filaments)
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What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?
- skeletal muscle
- cardiac muscle
- smooth muscle
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What is skeletal muscle?
attaches to bones, striated, multiple nuclei in cells, voluntary, makes the body move
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What is cardiac muscle?
makes the heart, striate,d single nucleated cells, involuntary, pumps blood
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What is smooth muscle?
lines organs, no striations, spindle shaped cells, involuntary, moves substances inside the body
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What is nervous tissue?
makes up the brain, spinal cord, & nerves that innervates the body
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What are the 2 types of nervous tissue?
Neurons & Glial
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What are Neurons?
nerve cells taht extend long distances & can send an impulse to activate a cell. These control body function
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What is Glial?
nerve cells that form supportive structures, insulate, & nourish neurons. These cells come in direct contact with neurons but do not control body function
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