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Hip joint is of which type?
Synovial, composite, ball and socket (spheroidal) joint
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What special features prevent coxal luxations in horses?
- Labrum Acetabular
- Transverse Acetabular Lig
- Accessory Lig
- (Lig of the head of the femur, not unique)
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Functions of the accessory ligament:
- Limit inward rotation
- Limit Abduction
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Stifle joint is of which type?
Synovial, Condylar joint, compound joint
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Joint types within the stifle:
- Femoropatellar
- Femorotibial
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Femoropatellar is what type of joint?
- Simple gliding
- (compound, stifle)
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Femorotibial is what types of joint?
- Simple Condylar
- (compound, stifle)
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The femoropatellar joint capsule is located where?
between the TROCHLEA of the femur and patella
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Synovial Sacs of the stifle with the most communication:
- Femoropatellar
- Medial Femorotibial
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Resting and Gliding surfaces of the femoropatellar joint are located where:
- Resting= distal, craniodorsally
- Gliding= proximal, cranioventrally
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Ligaments of the Stifle:
- Patellar
- Collateral
- Cruciate
- Meniscal
- Femoropatellar
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Fibrocartilage of the medial patella
Parapatellar Fibrocartilage
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Ligaments of the stifle joint are really...
Tendons of insertion of the Quadriceps Femoris M
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Three Patellar Ligaments:
- Medial patellar
- Middle patellar
- Lateral patellar
-
The ____ menisci are thick
- Medial and Lateral
- (femorotibial jnt)
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What limits hyperextension of the stifle?
Cranial Cruciate
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What limits Hyperflexion of the stifle?
Cranial and Caudal Cruciates
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The patella glides over the ___
Medial Ridge of the trochlea
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What does the parapatellar ligament hook on?
Medial Ridge of the Trochlea
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Patellar lock occurs when...
- The horse bears weight on only one limb, and
- the joint angle = 145-150
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Angle of stifle joint when horse bears weight on both limbs, and only one limb:
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Bones of the tarsal joint...
Proximal row:
Middle/Distal Row:
- Proximal row: Calcaneus + Talus
- Middle/Distal Row: T1/T2 + T3 (+vascular canal)+ T4
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Articulations of the Hock
- Tarsocrural
- Intertarsal (proximal and distal)
- Tarsometatarsal
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Bog Spavin occurs when...
The proximal end of the tarsal joint capsule bulges and synovial fluid accumulates
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Ligaments of the hock:
- Medial and Lateral Collateral
- Long Plantar
- Dorsal
- Accessory
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Which ligament within the hock is not always present?
Accessory Lig
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The cunean tendon is a tendon of the...
Cranial tibial m
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Cunean tendon divides into ____& ____ and inserts at _____&____
- dorsal & medial
- Mt3 & T1/T2
- (respectively)
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Which tendon of the hock is not within a sheath
SDF m
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What stabilizes the calcaneous?
Long Plantar Lig
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Curb is the result of...
straining of the long plantar lig, causing inflammation and convexity of plantar surface
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Bursa that lies under the cunean tendon
subtendinous /cunean tendon
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Cranial and Caudal structures of the reciprocal apparatus:
- Cr: Peroneus tertius m
- Ca: SDF m, +/- Gastrocnemius
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Rupture of the peroneus tertius m =>
abnormal, jerky flexing of the hock
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What causes the hock to drop?
Rupture of both the Peroneus tertius and the SDF
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