Intestines #2

Home

Get App

Create

Automatically remove your image background. Try it now!

https://remove-image-background.com

Bolus

Ball of food material mixed with saliva
Esophogus

10 inches long
Segmation

Mixing with saliva
Amylase
- Enzyme saliva
- Break down of carbs
Carbia orfase

Opening where the esophogus & diaphram meet
Sphincter
- Is a strong muscle
- Pulses open and close
Gerd
- Heartburn
- Ant-acid cure
Esphogus mucosa

Zig Zag fashion
Advertitia

ONLY in esophugus and retro organs
Stomach copacity

4 liters of food
Heartburn

Can be cause by over eating, puttin pressure on heart
Acid from stomach

can come back up to feel like heartburn
Hiatal hernia
- Stomach connection goes up instead of down
- stomach puts pressure on heart
ulser

opening in layers of GI track
Mastication

Chewing
Deglutition

Swalloing
Stomach
- bean shaped
- big curve and small curve
Fundus

Top of stomach
Plyorus

Bottom of stomach
Lesser Curvature

small curve of stomach
Greater curvature

greater curve in stomach
Mucosa

Made of brougd finger like structures
Rugae
- fingers of mucosa
- inner most layer
Chym

when bolus (ball of food) enters stomach its called chym
Duodenum
- Stomach extention
- Gated by Pyloric pshincter
Stomach wall
- Mucosa
- submucosa
- muscularis
- serosa
Mucosa layer
- gastric pits
- gastric glands
Gastric gland
- Parietal cellc
- Cheif cell
- Entero-endocrine cell
Parietal cell (pac man)
- Produce Hydrochloric acid HCL
- Produces Intrinsic factor
Intrinsic factor
- Produced by parietal cell
- chem. that helps absorbe vit B12
Animea
- low B12
- low iron
B12
- helps RBC carry O2 which brings iron
- hypo=animia
Perineciouse animia

Low production of B12 and Intrincic factor
Gastric pits

In mucosa layer-holes extend down to gastic gland
"Gen" ending

inactive enzyme
Entero-endocrine

More than 30 differnt enzymes
Endorphine

makes you feel good-chocolate
Cheif cell
- in gastric pits of stomach mucosa
- main thing in stomach-inactive enzyme
Pepsinogen

inactive enzyme of the gastric pits of stomach
Lipase
- Enzyme of gastric pits of stomach
- lipid breakdown
Pepsin
- Enzyme that works on protiens
- Converted from pepsinogen to active enzyme by HCL
Renin
- in cheif cell of gatric cell
- enzyme in children below 7
- breaks cacien down
Canien

enzyme that breaks down milk
Acid enviorment

Stomach-hyrdocloric acid HCL
Nuetral enviorment

mouth is nuetral
Binding in Parietal cell
- Pushes hydrogen into stomach lumen H+
- All HCO3- go into blood
Alkaline tide
- The pushing of hydrogen and HCO3- into stomach lumen
- negative chage
HCO3-

kicked out of cell into blood
Cl-

is sent from blood to lumen to regulate blood to make HCL
Histamine

blocks the H+ from lumen to prevent uncler
Amlance

carb breakdown-in mouth-neutral
Pepsin

Protein breakdown-acidic-stomach
Pyloric sphincter
- opening at bottom of stomach conecting duodenum
- Opens and closes to stomach can have time to absorb all protein in stomach
Entric nerve

in middle of brain-triggers vomiting
Small intestine names

Duodenum-Jejunum-Ileum
Hepatopancreatic ampulla and sphincter

Where liver and pancrease join at duodenum
Oddi-sphincter

Another name for Hepatopancreatic sphincter
Gallbladder

opening into duodenum
Bile duct

Juices of liver
Small intestine wall

Alkaline 7.4 base
Stomach mucosa layer

folded into narrow fingers calles Villi
Plical Circialus

Tip of Villi-the folds of mucosa
Intestinal crypt
- "Licberkahn pits"
- Secrete intestinal juice-haas lots of enzymes 7.42-7.8ph
Paneth cells

Produce lyosine-in intestinal crypt
Microvilli
- Top of villi
- Brush border-absorbtion area increased
Submucosa

Bottom of gastic cell at the crypt
Duodenal gland
- In submucosa
- secretes alkaline juices 7.4ph
Brunners gland

another name for duodenal gland
Pyeris patch
- Submucosa layer
- immune cells-has lymph knodes
Liver
- Has 4 knobes
- Righ and left are visible from front
- Caudate & Quadrate lobes visible from back
- 1.4 kilo-grams
- makes bile juices
Gallbladder
- Stores bile
- Secretes into duodenum
Ligamentum
- Thread like structure hanging out
- remenent of fetal imbilical vein
Liver job
- Detoxifing anything put in body
- Secretes bile juice
Bile juices
- Secreted by liver
- No enzyme-digest lipids
Hydrolotic
- All enzyme work only in water based situations
- Will not work on lipids
Bile Salts

Break down lipids
Polar region of bile salt
- Has charge
- This side mixes with water
Nonpolar region of bile salt
- Negative charge
- This side attaches to lipid enabling water to breack down lipid
Liver properties
- Rish in glycogen
- Stores glucose
Hepato cytes of liver

Liver cells that grow back or regenerate
Hexogonal plates
- Shape and formation of liver cell
- 6 sides and 6 corners
Portal triad of liver
- 3 tubes of the hexogonal plate
- Bile duct-Artery-Vein
Plates of Hepatocytes

Liver cells make hepatic juice
Sinusoid walls of liver
- Tracks between hepatocytes
- has Kupffer cells
Kupffer Cells of liver

Made of macrophines that eat bugs in body
Hepatitis

A-F 6 types
Hepatitis "C"

most common
Hepatitis "B"

Mostly in health care facilities
Surosis of liver
- Hepatitis B & C
- Alcohol makes you more suspeptible to hetatitis
Hepatitis "D"

Cant come into you-must have Hep "B" first to get
Hepatitis "A"

Most common in children
Emulsififcation

Bile salt breakdown-lipid breakdown in liver
Bilirubian
- Formed when RBC are distroyed
- Exited though urin and feces
Urobiliogin

Distroyed RBC flushed out in urine from liver
Stercobilin

Distroyed RBC flushed out in feces from liver
Cholecystokinin
- Secreted by duodunem wall
- Tells galbladder to squeeze and release bile and open sphincter into duodenum
Secretin
- Secreted by duodunem wall
- Hormone that will travel through blood to liver and tells it to secrete bile juices
Gallstones

Crystals of cholestoral in gallbladder
Litotrypsy

Shoot untral sound waves to break up gallstones
Colesistcyamy
- Removal of gallbladder
- Bile duct enlarges and bile is stored here
Jawndice

Accumulation of urobliogin in blood vessels
Pancreas
- Secretes pancratic juice
- Ph 8 alaline
Acinar cell of pancrease

Secretes pancreatic juice
Pancrease secretes into
- Small intestines
- Trypsin-active enzyme
Trypsin
- Secreted by pancreas
- active enzyme that breaks down protein in small intestine
Trypsinogen

Inactive enzyme that reacts with enteropeptidase to make trypsin enzyme
Enteropepitose

Mixes with trypsinogen to make trypsin
Cholecystokinin in pancrease

Tells pancrease to make pancreatic juice
Secretin in pancrease

Stimlates production of pancrease juice
Cecum

Connection where small and large intestine meet
Colon
- Large intestine
- Ascending, Transvrese, Descending
Haustrum

Pockets of large intestine
Water absorbtion
- to little diahria
- to much constipation
Valsalvas
- Process of goin to bathroom
- pressure on lower abdomin, hold breath, puch ect
Epiploic appendages
- Fat balls
- Dont know what they do
Teniae coli

Strong muscle
Singmoid colon

Attachemtn of colon to anus
External anal sphincter

Volentary at anus after rectum
External anal sphincter
- Volentary
- controls movement
Internal sphincter
- Involentary
- controls movement
Rectal valve

Separates solid and gas
Hermorhoidal vein

Drain all wastes away
Hemroid

Inflamation of hemorhaoidal veins
Levator ani muscle

Go up and down like a piston to propel waste material out of anal canal
Ileustomy

Removal of large intestine and attached to small intestines to anal canal
Flura

700 kinds of bugs live in large intestine
DMSO

Makes fats smelly
Diverliculosis
- Haustrum pockets very small
- Narrowing of large intestine
Diverticulitis

inflamation or infection of large inestine
Deflication reflex

Goin to bathroom
Cerbreal cortex
- Controls external sphincter
- lets you hold it in 150-200 ml each poop
Parasythatic nerves system
- Involentary
- Lose control of bowles

Automatically remove your image background. Try it now!

https://remove-image-background.com

Author

callmelauren122001@yahoo.com

67372

Card Set

Intestines #2

Description

Stomach, liver

Updated

2011-02-20T18:37:02Z

Show Answers