quiz #1 multiple sclerosis

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What is the pathology of MS
- Immune-mediated demyelinating disease
- Plaque formation in CNS
What are common lesion sites for MS
- Optic Nerve
- white matter
- cerebral cortex
- brainstem
- cerebellum
- spinal cord
What is the etiology of MS
- Environmental
- Genetics (primary relative)
- immune reaction
- viral infection
- Stress and pregnancy can cause an exacerbation
Does geographic distribution increase risk of MS

Research has shown the further from the equator the higher the risk. May be due to Vitamin D
What are the main signs/symptoms of MS
- Fatigue
- sensory changes (paresthesia)
- pain
- spasticity
What are other signs/symptoms of MS
- weakness
- altered mobility
- altered balance
- heat intolerance
- visual impairments
- cognitive impairments
- BB disfunction
- altered speech
- swallowing dysfunction
- sexual dysfunction
What is the diagnostic criteria for MS
- imaging revels @ least 2 separate lesions in CNS
- attacks lasts longer than 24 hours
- attacks @ least one month apart
- All other diagnosis must be ruled out
What other disorders must be ruled out
- Optic Neuritis
- Myasthenia Gravis
- drug toxicity
- Conversion Disorder
- Clinically Isolated Syndrome
What is the prognosis of MS
- unpredictable
- very individualized
- no change in life span
- many pts able to live independently
What is Benign Course or Clinically Isolated Syndrome

Similar S/S to MS, but pt does not meet criteria for DX
What are the 4 main types of MS
- Relapsing Remitting
- Secondary Progressive
- Primary Progressive
- Progressive Relapsing
What is relapsing remitting
- Exacerbations followed by periods of partial or total remission
- most common form
what is secondary progressive
- Begins as relapsing remitting
- transitions into progressive form
- has carryover of symptoms during remission
- slow and steady decline in function
What is primary progressive
- consistent steady decline in function
- NO periods of remission
- more rapid decline
what is progressive relapsing
- faster progression then primary progressive
- clear attacks with residual effects
- rare
What is Benign MS
- complete recovery of symptoms
- no return of symptoms
- mild symptoms: usually sensory and visual
- Pt does not meet diagnostic criteria
How do you treat MS
- EDUCATION (very imp with this population)
- PT, OT, SLP
- Medications
What is the medical management of MS
- Drugs for spasticity, pain and depression
- Interferon injection:decrease attacks: Disease modifying meds
- Copaxone
- Novantrone
- Corticosteriods used to decrease inflammation
What is PT treatment for MS
- EDUCATION
- Observe oculomotor function
- gait analysis
- balance
- aquatics
- stretching
- assistive device training
- REFER AS NEEDED
What should be included in education
- Journal S/S to track progression
- exercise is important and good
- heat intolerance
- energy conservation
- family
What are good outcome measures for MS
- 6MWT, 10 meter (endurance)
- Ashworth (muscle tone)
- Berg (balance)0
- Tinetti
- MSQOL
- Fatigue scales
What are possible complications for MS pts
- osteoporosis
- contractures
- skin breakdown
- aspiration
- pneumonia

Author

BPT

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Card Set

quiz #1 multiple sclerosis

Description

clinical neurology

Updated

2011-02-18T19:32:58Z

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