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Frontalis
Raises Eyebrows
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Occipitalis
Tenses and retracts scalp
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Orbicularis Oris
Compresses, purses lips (kissing)
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Zygomaticus Major
Retracts and elevates corners of mouth (smiling)
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Levator labii superioris
Elevates upper lip
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Depressor labii inferioris
Depresses lower lip
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Buccinator
Compresses cheeks (whistling/blowing and sucking)
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Mentalis
Elevates and protudes lower lip (pouting)
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Platysma
Tenses skin of neck and depresses mandible
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Risorius
Draws corner of mouth to the side
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Orbicularis oculi
Closes the eye
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Corrugator supercilii
Pulls skin inferiorly and anteriorly wrinkles brow (frowning)
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Levator palpebrae superioris
Elevates upper eyelid, opens eye
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Superior rectus
Moves eyeball superiorly and medially
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Inferior rectus
Moves eyeball inferiorly and medially
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Lateral rectus
Moves eyball laterally
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Medial rectus
Moves eyeball medially
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Superior oblique
Moves eyeball inferiorly and laterally
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Inferior oblique
Moves eyeball superiorly and laterally
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Masseter
Origin
Insertion
- Elevates mandible, as in closing mouth, and retracts mandible
- Origin: Maxilla
- Insertion: Mandible
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Temporalis
Origin
Insertion
- Elevates and retracts mandible
- Origin: Temporal bone
- Insertion: Mandible
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Medial pterygoid
Elevates and protracts mandible
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Lateral pterygoid
Protracts and depresses mandible (as in opening the mouth)
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Genioglossus
Origin
Insertion
- Depresses tongue and thrusts it anteriorly (protraction)
- Origin: Mandible
- Insertion: Under surface of tongue
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Styloglossus
Elevates tongue and draws it posteriorly (retraction)
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Stylohyoid
Insertion
Origin
- Don't need to know action
- Origin: Styloid process
- Insertion: Hyoid bone
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Hyoglossus
Depresses and retracts tongue
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Digastric
(Anterior & Posterior)
Origin
Insertion
- Elevates hyoid bone and depresses mandible (as in opening the mouth)
- Origin: Anterior belly-inner side of inferior border of mandible,
- Posterior belly-mastoid process of temporal bone
- Insertion: Hyoid bone
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Sternocleidomastoid
Origin
Insertion
- Acting together (bilaterally), flex neck
- Acting singly (unilaterally) rotate head to side opposite contracting muscle
- Origin: Sternum and clavicle
- Insertion: Mastoid process
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Splenius capitis
- Acting together-extend neck
- Acting singly-laterally flex and rotate neck to same side as contracting muscle
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