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acetabulum
rounded depression, or socket, in the pelvis that joins the femur (thigh bone), forming the hip joint
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acromion
outward extension of the soulder blade forming the point of the shoulder. overlies the shoulder joint and articulates with the clavicle.
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articular cartilage
thin layer of cartilage covering the bone in the joint spaces
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bone
dense, hard connective tissue composing the skeleton
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calcuim
one of the mineral constituents of bone
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cancellous bone
spongy, porous, bone tissue in the inner part of the bone
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cartilagenous tissue
flexible, rubbery connective tissue. found in the immature skeleton, at the epiphyseal growth blate, and on the joint surfaces
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collagen
dense, connective tissue protein strands found in bone and other tissue
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compact bone
hard, dense bone tissue, usually found around the outer portion of bones
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condyle
knuckle-like process at the end of a bone near the joint
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cranial bones
- skull bones
- (ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal)
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diaphysis
shaft, or mid-portion, of a long bone
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disk (disc)
flat, round, plate-like structure
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epiphyseal plate
band of cartilage, making new bone cells (helps them grow in length)
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epiphysis
each end of a long bone; the area beyond the epiphyseal plate
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facial bones
- bones of the face
- (lacrimal, mandibular, maxillary, nasal, vomer, and zygomatic)
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fissure
crack that allows a nerve or vessel to go through a bone
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fontanelle
soft spots between skull bones of an infant
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foramen
opening or passage in bones where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave
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fossa
- depression/ditch, allows a muscle/tendon to attach deeper inside a bone
- shallow cavity in a bone
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haversian canals
allows blood vessels and nerves to supply the bone
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manubrium
upper part of the sternum
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mastoid process
bump behind the ear
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medullary cavity/canal
centeral, hollowed-out area in the shaft of a long bone
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metaphysis
where the bone flars out a little bit (heals faster than diaphysis)
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olecranon
bump on back of the elbow
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osseous tissue
"osseous" means bony. bony tissue
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ossification
process of bone formation
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osteoblast
bone cell that helps form bony tissue
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osteoclast
bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue
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periosteum
membrane surrounding bones, ability to make new bones
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phosphorus
mineral substance found in bones in combination with calcium
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pubic symphysis
where pubic bone comes together
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red bone marrow
bloody bone marrow (found in cancellus bone)
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ribs
area of muscle attachment
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sella tursica
depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located
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sinus
hollow air cavity within a bone
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styloid process
pole-like process extending downard from the temporal bone on each side of the skull
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suture
immovable joint between bones, such as the skull
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temporomandibular joint
connection on either side of hte head betweent emporal bone of skull and mandibular bone of the jaw
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trabeculae
- supporting bundles of bony fibers in cancellous (spongy) bone
- provides strength in bones
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trochanter
large process at the neck of the femur; attachment site for tendons of the hip musculature
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tubercle
rounded, small process on a bone; attachment site for muscles and tendons
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tuberosity
rounded process on a bone; attachment site for muscles and tendons
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xiphoid process
lower, narrow portion of the sternum
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yellow bone marrow
fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of most adult long bones
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