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adnexa
appendages or accessory structures of an organ
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orbit
bony cavity of the skull that contains and protects the eyeball and its associated muscles, blood vessels, and nerves
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OD
- right eye; oculus dexter
- abbrev?
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OS
- left eye; oculus sinister
- abbrev?
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OU
- each eye or both eyes; oculus uterque
- abbrev?
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oculus sinister
left eye; OS
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oculus dexter
right eye; OD
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oculus uterque
each eye or both eyes
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tarsus
framework within the upper and lower eyelids that provides the necessary stiffness and shape
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conjunctiva
transparent mucous membrane that lines the underside of each eyelid and continues to form a protective covering to form a protective covering over the exposed surface of the eyeball
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lacrimal apparatus also known as?
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lacrimal apparatus
structures that produce, store, and remove tears
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intraocular pressure
measurement of the fluid pressure inside the eye
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IOP
- intraocular pressure
- abbrev?
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rods and cones
retina receive images that have passed through the lens of the eye
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iris
colorful muscular layer of the eye that surrounds the pupil
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emmetropia
normal relationship between the refractive power of the eye and the shape of the eye that enables light rays to focus correctly on the retina
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ophthalmologist
physican who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the eyes and vision
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optometrist
dr. of optometry degree and specializes in measuring the accuracy of vision to determine whether corrective lenses are needed
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blepharoptosis
drooping of the upper eyeld that is usually due to paralysis
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chalazion
localized swelling inside the eyelid resulting from obstruction a sebceous gland
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ectropion
eversion (turn outward) of the edge of an eyelid
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entropion
inversion (turn inward) of the edge of an eyelid
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hordeolum
pus-filled lesion on the eyelid resutling from an infection in a sebaceous glad
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periorbital edema
swelling surrounding the eye or eyes
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conjunctivitis also known as?
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conjunctivitis
inflammation of the conjunctiva
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dacryoadentitis
inflammation of the lacrimal gland that can be caused by a bacterial, viral, or fungal infection
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Xerophthalmia also known as?
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exerophthalmia
drying of eye surfaces including conjunctiva
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iritis
inflammation of the uveal tract affecting primarily structures in front of the eye
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keratitis
inflammation of the cornea
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pterygium
benign growth on the cornea that can become large enough to distort vision
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scleritis
inflammation of the sclera
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anisocoria
condition in which the pupils are unequal in size
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cataract
loss of transparency of the lens that causes a progressive loss of visual clarity
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PERLLA
- pupils are equal, round, responsive to light and accomodation
- abbrev?
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nystagmus
involuntary, constant, rhythmic movement of the eyeball that can be congenital or caused by a neurological injry or drug use
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papilledema also known as?
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papilledema
swelling and inflammation of the optic nerve at the point of eneternce into the eye through the optic disk
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glaucoma
diseases characterized by increased intraocular pressure that cuase damage to the retinal nerve fibers and the optic nerve
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diplopia
preception of two images of a single object
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hemianopia
blindness in one-half of the visual field
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nyctalopia also known as/
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nyctalopia
an individual with normal daytime vision has difficulty seeing at night
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presbyopia
common changes in the eyes that occur with aging
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strabismus
disorder in which the eyes point in different directions or are not aligned correctly because the eye muscles are unable to focus together
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esotropia
inward deviation of one or both eyes
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exotropia
outward deviation of one eye relative to the other
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ametropia
any error of refraction in which images do not focus properly on the retina
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astigmatism
condition in which the eye does not focus properly because of uneven curvatures of the cornea
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hyperopia
defect in which light rays focus beyond the retina
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myopia
defect in which light rays focus in front of the retina
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amblyopia
dimness of vision or the partial loss of sight, especially in one eye without detectable disease of the eye
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scotoma
abnormal area of absent or depressed vision surrounded by an area of normal vision
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ophthalmoscopy
visual examination of the fundus (back part) of the eye with an ophthalmoscope
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fluorescein angiography
readiographic study of blood vessels in the retina of the eye following the intravenous injection of a flueorescein dye as a contract medium
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tonometry
measurement of intraocular pressure
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tarsorrhaphy
partial or complete suturing together of the upper and lower eyelids
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iridectomy
surgical removal of a portion of the tissue of the iris
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radial keratotomy
surgical procedue to treat myopia
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vitrectomy
removal of vitreaous fluid and its replcement with a clear solution
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laser trabeculoplasty
treat open angle glaucoma by creating openins in the trabecular meshwork to allow fluid to drain properly
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LASIK
Laser Assisten in Situ Keratomileusis
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retinopexy
reattach the detached area in a retinal detachment
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tympanic membrane
located between outer and middle ear. (eardrum)
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inner ear
contans sensory receptors for hearing and balance
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audiologist
specializes in measurement of hearing function and in the rehabilitation of apersons with eharing impairments
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otitis
inflmmation of the ear
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otomycosis
fungal infection of the external auditory canal
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otopyorrhea
flow of pus from ear
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otorrhagia
bleeding from the ear
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barotrauma
pressure related ear discomfort that can e caused by pressure changes when flying, driving etc
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eustachitis
inflammation of the eustachian tube
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infectious myringitis
contagious inflammation that caused painful blisters on the eardrum
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otosclerosis
abnormal hardening of bones of the middle ear results in hear loss
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labyrinthitis
inflammation of the inner ear
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vertigo
sense of whirling, dizziness, and the loss of balance combined with nausea and vommitting
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tinnitus
ringing, buzzing, or roaring sound in one or both ears
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presybusis
gradual loss of sensorineural hearing which occurs with age
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tympanometry
use of air pressure in the ear canal to test for disorders of the middle ear
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mastoidectomy
surgical removal of mastoid cells
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myringotomy
incision in the eardrum to creat an opening for the placement of tympanostomy tubes
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tympanostomy tubes
tiny veintilating tubes plced throuh the eardrum to provide ongoing drainage for fluids and to relieve pressure that can build up after childhood
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stapedectomy
removal of the top portion of the stapes bone and insertion of a small prosthetic device known as piston
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labyrinthectomy
removal o all or portion of inner ear
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