Cultural Anthro Exam 1

Looking at something as a whole

Historical development, similarities and dissimilarities among cultures

The scientific description of individual cultures

Going out in the field and getting data first hand

Cultural norms and values derive their meaning withing a specific social context

Studying from far away, drawing conclusions using notes

Savagery, Barbarism and Civilization

The concept that people get their ideas from one cultural center

Cultural variations rely on geography

The study of how native people have been affected by western economies and politics

Study of women in society and using women to get different points across

What it means to be a person in a culture

First anthropologist taught men and women. Made the 4 sub groups, shackles of tradition

Very Racist, Armchair anthropologist

Structural functionalism collective traits maintain the stability of a society

Off the porch. Psychological functionalism. Culture traits meet the basic derived needs of a person

Going into the field

Build rapport. Getting a role and overcome stereotypes.

People using you. People wanting you there, culture shock. Don't harm the people you are writing about

It is Arbitrary, composed of discrete units, uses displacements has productivity and may contain lies.

Everything that goes with spoken language. Pitch Tone and Body Movements

All the knowledge shared by those able to speak a language

The sound patterns of a language

Rules of forming meanings with units of language

Refers to how meaning is created through word order in a sentance or phrase

The idea that all languages are equal

Trying to keep a language pure (French)

change language and dialects depending on the situation

LAnguage influences how we act with one another

• Linguistic Competence-underlying grammatical knowledge of every fluent speaker
• Linguistic performance-actual things people say

• Communicative Competence-the knowledge required to use a given language in various situations
• Speech communities-groups of people that interact with language on a regualr basis

Led the shift from diachronic to synchronic studies of language in the early 20th century

Describing forms of a language used by a specific speech community

Describing changes in dialects and languages over time

Looking at languages social functions political and economic relationships among and between members of a speech community

Analyzing the relationship between culture thought and language

The good of society over an individual

Focused on oneself rather than the collective

The tension between the tenents of culture and individuals ability to act within those constraints.

Use during tensions between a culture to show dominance

An interdisciplinary subfield of anthropology that studies the interacion of culture and the mental process

• Houses create personality structure.
• Organization technology and child rearing
• All show a relationship between culture and personality

Human cultures are personalities writ large

Said that certain traits occur most frequently but are not necessarily common to all members of that society

We are unique in our cultural world yet are embedded in shared ideas and symbols

Insiders understanding

Outsiders understanding

Made up of the individuals experience of their own cultural world and others.