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In a networked environment, what acts as the central repository of programs and data to which all users connected to the network have access
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NETWORK
A group of two or more computers connected so they can communicate with one another
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NETWORKS ALLOW USERS TO
- -Simultaneously access the same programs and data.
- -Transfer data from one computer to another.
- -Share peripheral devices, such as printers.
- -Share data storage devices for backup.
- -Use electronic mail (e-mail) to communicate with each other.
- -Access the Internet.
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Any entity on a network that can be managed, such as a system, repeater,router, gateway,switch or firewall. A computer or other addressable device attached to a network; a host.
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CLIENT
An individual computer connected to a network. Also, a system or application (such asa Web browser or user agent) that requests a service from another computer (the server) and is used to access files or documents.
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A computer in a network that manages the network resources and provides, or serves, information to clients.
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the interface that enables users to communicate with and request information from the server
CLIENT SOFTWARE
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Divides computing tasks between the client and the server using a common set of protocols.
The client/server model:
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Why was the Internet created using multiple connections among multiple hosts?
To avoid a central point of vulnerability, and thus reduce the chance of total network failure
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High-speed data lines that handle the bulk of data transmission and form the main network connections of the Internet are known as:
BACKBONES
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The two main types of network structures
local area networks (LANs) and wide area networks (WANs).
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A group of computers connected within a confined geographic area.
local area network(LAN)
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A group of computers connected over an expansive geographic area so their users can share files and services.
wide area network(WAN)
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A world wide network of interconnected networks.
Internet
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A U.S. Departmentof Defense agencythat created the first global computer network.
Advanced ResearchProjects Agency(ARPA)
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A computer network, funded by ARPA, that served as the basis for early networking researchand was the backbone during the development of the Internet.
Advanced ResearchProjects AgencyNetwork (ARPANET)
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An independent agency of the U.S.government that promotes the advancement of science and engineering.
National ScienceFoundation (NSF)
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The highest level inthe computer network hierarchy,to which smaller networks typically connect.
BACKBONES
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A node on a network that serves as a portal to other networks.
gateway
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A set of software programs that enables users to access resources ont he Internet via hypertext documents
World Wide Web(WWW)
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Highlighted or underlined text in aWeb page that,when clicked, links the user to another location or Webpage.
hypertext link
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An HTML document containing one or more elements (text,images, hyperlinks)that can be linked to or from other HTML pages.
Web page
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A World Wide Webserver and its content; includes multiple Webpages.
WEB SITE
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A software application that enables users to access and view Web pages on the Internet.
Web browser
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host computers on the Internet
WEB SERVERS
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A suite of protocols that turns data into blocks of information called packets,which are then sent across the Internet.The standard protocol used by the Internet.
Transmission ControlProtocol/InternetProtocol (TCP/IP)
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Data processed byprotocols so it canbe sent across anetwork.
PACKETS
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A device that routes packets between networks based onnetwork-layer addresses;determines the best path across an etwork. Also used to connects eparate LANs to form a WAN.
router
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protocol software used to communicate with the Internet Client
TCP/IP
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direct connection to an Internet Service Provider (ISP)
Internet connection
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Web browser, e-mail or news client program
Client software
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An organization that maintains a gateway to the Internet and rents access to customers on a per-use or subscription basis.
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
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two principal options for connecting to the Internet offered by ISPs
Dial-up connection and Direct connection
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Abbreviation for modulator/demodulator. An analog device that enables computers to communicate over telephone lines by translating digital data into audio/analog signals (onthe sending computer) and then back into digital form (on the receiving computer).
modem
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A communication standard for sending voice,video or data over digital telephone lines.
Integrated Service Digital Network(ISDN)
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The amount ofinformation,sometimes calledtraffic, that can becarried on anetwork at onetime. The totalcapacity of a line.Also, the rate ofdata transfer over anetworkconnection;measured in bits persecond.
bandwidth
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A circuit board within a computer's central processing unit that serves as the interface enabling the computer to connect to a network.
network interfacecard (NIC)
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A device that enables wireless systems to communicate with each other, provided that they are on the same network.
wireless accesspoint (AP)
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A definition or format that has been approved by a recognized standards organization
standard
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wireless mode in which systems use only their NICs to connect with each other
Ad-hoc
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wireless mode in which systems connect via a centralized access point, called a wireless access point (AP)
Infrastructure
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A standard system that uses a wireless network interface card (NIC)
end point
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Two types of wireless modes
Ad-hoc and Infrastructure
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