term chap 10.txt

includes brain and spinal cord. functions: receive and process information and to regulate all bodily activity

• centeral nervous system
• Abbrev?

parts: 12 pairs of cranial nerves nd 31 pairs pairs of peripheral spinal nerves. function: transmit nerve signals to and from the cenetral nervous system

peripheral nervous system

nerve center made of a cluster of nerve cell bodies outside the CNS.

netword of intersecting spinal nerves

carry nerve impulses towards the brain

carry nerve impulses away from the brain

basic cells of the nervous system that allow different parts of the body to communicate with each other

root-like processes( extend out from the cell body) that receive impulses and conduct them to the cell body

process that extends away from the cell body and conducts impulses away from the nerve cell

branching fibers at the end of the axon that lead the nervous impulse from the axon to the synapse

spce betwen two neurons or between a neuron and a receptor organ

chemical susbstances that make it possible for messages to cross from the synapse of a neuron to the target receptor

support: support and protection for neurons. functions: surround neurons and hold them in place. 2. supply nutrients and O2 to neurons. 3. insulate one nuron from another. 4. destroy and remove dead neurons

protective covering made up of glials cells

system of membranes that enclose the brain and spinal cord of the central nervous

thick, touch, outermost membrane of the meninges

• hard
• MT?

• mother
• MT?

• spinal fluid
• MT?

produced by special capillaries within the four ventricles located in the middle region of the cerebrum

pertianing to the cerebrum or to the brain

located below the cerebrum

located below the thalamus

second-largest part of the rain. located at the back of the head elow the posterior portion of the cerebrum

organized into two divisions. [1. sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system] controls the involuntary actions of the body such as functioning of internal organs

prepares body for emergencies and stress by increasing the breatng rate, heart rate, and blood flow to muscles

returns body to normal after a response to stress. maintains normal body functions during ordanary circumstances that are not emotionally or physically stressful

physician who specializes in administering anesthetic agens before and during surgery

medical professional who spec. in administering anesthesia but is not a physician, for example, a nurst anesthetist

physician who specializ. in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the nervou system

physician who specializ. in diagnosin and treating chemical dependencies, emotional problems, and mental illness

holds an advanced degree but not MD. evaluates and treats emotional problems and mental illness

• headache
• MT?

preceded by a waning aura, characterized by throbbing pain on one side of the head

congenital herniation of brain tissue through a gap in the skull

congenital herniation of the meninges through a defect in the skull or spinal column

condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the ventricles of the brain

inflammation of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord

group of disorders involving the parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language

describes the mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory

slowly progressive decline in mental abilities, including memory, thinking, and judgment, that is often ccompanied by personality changes

inflammation of the brain

chronic, degenerative central nervous disorder characterized by fine muscle remors, rigidity, and slow or shuffling gait

• Parkinson's disease
• abbrev?

potentially serious or deadly disorder in children that is characterized by vomiting and confusion

• Reye's syndrome
• abbrev?

• lockjaw
• MT?

acute and potentially fatal infection of the CNS caused by toxin produced by the tetanus bacteria

violent shaking up or jarring of the brain

bruising of the brain tissue as the result of a head injury that causes the brain to bounce against the rigid bone of the skull

collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain

results of a child being violently shaken by someone

lowered level of consciousness maked by listlessness, drowsiness, and apath.

unresponsive state from which a person can be aroused only briefly and with vigorous, repeated attempts

• fainting
• MT?

brief loss of consciousness caused by the decreased flow of blood to the brain

profound (deep) state of unconsciousness marked by the absence of spontaneous eye movements, no response to painful stimuli, and lack of speech

acute condition of confusion, disorientations, disrodered thinking and memory, agitation, and hallucinations

• stroke
• MT?

damage to the brain that occurs when the blood flow to the brain is disrupted because of blood vessel is either blocked or has ruptured

most common type of stroke in older ppl, occurs when flow of blood to the brain is blocked

often caused by brain damage associated with a stroke, loss of ability to speak, write, and or comprehend the written or spoken word

blood vessel in the brain leaks. when aneurysm (weak, balloon like enlargement of an artery wall, within the brain ruptures

sleep disorder consisting of sudden and unctrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day

inflammation of the spinal cord

nerve pain caused by pressure on the spinal nerve roots in the neck region

progressive autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation that causes demyelination of the myelin sheath

• Lou Gehrig's disease
• MT?

rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles

temporary paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve that causes paralysis only of the affected side of the face

• infectious polyneuritis
• official name?

inflmmation of the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves

inflammation of the sciatic nerve that results in pain, burning, and tingling along the course of the affected sciatic nerve through the thigh, leg, and foot

characterized by severe lightning-like pain due to an inflammation of the fifth cranial nerve

condition characterize by poor muscle control, spasticity, speech defects, and other neurologic deficiencies due to damage that affects the cerebrum

condition in which certain muscles are continously contracted

paralysis of a body part that is often accomanied by loss of feeling and uncontrolled body movements, such as shaking

chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent episodes of seizures of carying severity

• epilepsy
• common name?

sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain that affects how a person feels or acts for a short time

persistent, severe burning pain that usually follows an injury to a sensory nerve

condition of abnormal and excessive sensitivity to touch, pain, or other sensory stimuli

burning or prickling senstaion that is sually felt in the hands, arms, legs, or feet, but can also occur in other parts of the body

• peripheral neuritis
• another name?

disorder of the nerves that carry information to and from the brain and spinal cord

ultrasound study of the carotid artery

use of ultrasound imagining to diagnose a shift in the midline structures of the brain

radiographic study of the spinal cord after the injection of a contrast medium through a lumbar puncture

medication used to induce anesthesia. the aneshtetic may be topical, local, regional, or general

regional anesthesia produced by injecting a local nesthetic into the epidural space of the lumbar or sacral region of the spine

mental conditions characterized by excessive, irrational dread of everyday situation, or fear that is out of proportion to the real danger in a situation

anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, unwanted repetitive thoughts or impulses and/or recurrent unwanted impulses to act

characterized by a group of intense emotional feelings that incude apprehension, fearfulness, and terror

• posttraumatic stress disorder
• abbrev?

develp after an event involving actual or threatened death or injury to the individual or someone else, during which the person felt intense fear, helplessness, or horror

excessive fear of being in high places

• developmental reading disorder
• MT?

learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols

bnormal fear of being in narrow or enclosed spaces

condition in which an individual acts as if he or she has a physical or mental illness when he or she is not realy sick

disorder characterized by the repeated pulling out of one's own hair

false personal belief that is maintained despite obvious proof or evidence to the contrary

sensory perception experienced in the absence of an external stimulation

psycotic disorder usually characterized by withdraw from reality, illogical patterns of thinking, delusions, and hallucinations, and accompanied in cary degress by other emotional, behavioral, or intellectual disturbances

fearing that one has a serious illness despite appropriate medical eval and reassurance.

disorder involving sudden and severe mental changes or seizures caused by abruptly stopping the use of alcohol