quiz #1 – therapeutic electrical stimulation

passing current into tissue to promote healing, reduce pain, increase/maintain strength, reduce edema, decreased spasticity, improve motor control, past drugs

positive charged electrode, attracts anions

negatively charged electrodes, attracts anions

potential difference of energy between electrodes, provided by battery or line voltage

false – battery

true

6.24 X 10^{^18 of charged particlesAvogadro's number}

1 Coulomb of charge per second

energy needed to move 1 coulomb through 1 ohm of resistance (V=IR)

• continues uninterrupted, in a unidirectional flow for atleast 1 sec
• use for iontophoresis or stimulation of denervated muscles

• the current flow changes direction
• 60 Hz/sec

The longer the pulse width the higher the average voltage

• rectangular
• symmetrical
• biphasic
• pulsed current
• AC current

• unbalanced
• asymmetrical
• biphasic
• pulsed current
• AC Current

• sinusoidal wave
• AC current

• high-voltage galvanic
• DC
• "one of the most comfortable wave forms"

pulses per second – Hz

It feels more intense to the patient even though it is the same voltage because there is more charge absorbed when there is a longer time period for the pulse

the same number of fibers are recruited, but a higher frequency makes them fire more rapidly