Theory II

What are 2 indications of use for professional fluoride applications?

Give 11 examples of pts who are at risk for dental caries.

What are 3 types of available professional fluoride applications?

What are contrainciations for use of 2.0% sodium fluoride?

What are contraindiactions for 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF)?

What type of fluoride is the application of choice for those with dentin hypersensitivity?

What are 3 different types of self applied home fluorides?

What are 4 indications for using home applied fluorides?

Why are fluoride applications beneficial for post-eruptive period?

biofilm that is coronal to the margin of the free gingiva

biofilm that is apical to the margin of the free gingiva

biofilm origin is salivary glycoprotein forms a pellicle; microorganisms from saliva selectively attach to pellicle

biofilm origin is the downgrowth from supragingival biofilm

biofilm attaches to the acquired pellicle, other bacteria, tooth surfaces, unattached kind is loose and washes away

biofilm attaches to the tooth surface, subgingival pellicle, calculus, the flora is loose, floating, motile, between adherent biofilm on tooth and pocket epithelium

the biofilm is retained on rough surfaces, malpositioned teeth, and carious lesions

the biofilm is retained in pockets, they hold the biofilm against the tooth; overhang restoration margins that extend subgingivally

friction of the tongue, cheek, and lips limits the shape and size of this biofilm; it is thicker at the cervical third and proximal; healthy mouths, the biofilm is 15-20 cells thick; in unhealthy mouths, the biofilm is 100-300 cells thick

the shape and size of this biofilm is molded by the pocket wall, follows the form of subgingival calc, and becomes thicker as the pocket wall loosens

the structure of this biofilm is adherent, densely packed microbial layer; intermicrobial matrix; begins with small isolated colonies, merging to form covering

the strucure of this biofilm has 3 layers; tooth-surface attahced is gram -positive rods and cocci; unattached is gram-negative, motile, spirochetes, and leukocytes; and epithelium attached is gram-negative, motile, many leukocytes migrate through the epithelium

what microorganisms are present in supragingival biofilm in the early biofilm?

What microorganisms are present in supragingival biofilm 3-4 days?

What microorganisms are present in supragingival biofilm 4-9 days in?

What microorganisms are present in supragingival biofilm 7-14 days in?

What microorganisms are present in subgingival biofilm? In diseased pocket subgingival biofilm?

What are 2 sources of nutrients for supragingival biofilm?

What are 3 sources of nutrients for subgingival biofilm?

what are 3 items of significance of supragingival biofilm?

what are 3 items of significance of subgingival biofilm?

When does the acquired pellicle form?

What primarily makes up the acquired pellicle?

What are 4 areas that the acquired pellicle forms?

What are 4 items of significance of the acquired pellicle?

in what stage of biofilm formation, are salivary glycoproteins adsorbed onto dental enamel to form the pellicle?

in what stage of biofilm formation includes selective colonization of the pellicle by microorganisms?

in what stage of biofilm formation is the growth and maturation of biofilm?

What days of biofilm formation does the biofilm consist primarily of gram-positive cocci; and streptococci dominates the bacterial population?

in what days of biofilm formation do the cocci still dominate, but there is an increase in gram-positive filamentous form and slender rods; the filaments grow into the cocci layer and replace many of them?

in what days of biofilm formation do the filaments increase in numbers and more mixed flora appears with rods, filamentous forms, and fusobacteria, biofilm near margin thickens and develops mature flora with gram-negative spirochetes and vibrios?

in what days of biofilm formation do vibrios and spirochetes appear, and the number of white blood cells increase, more gram-negative and anaerobic organisms appear, and signs of inflammation begin to appear in gingiva?

in what days of biofilm formation are vibrios and spirochetes prevalent in older biofilm, densly packed filamentous microorganisms arrange themselves perpendicular to tooth surface, and gingivitis is evident clinically?

what are 3 inorganic elements present in biofilm?

What are 2 organic components in biofilm?

What are 4 locations that biofilm might be distributed?

What area will probably have the least amount of biofilm? and why?

What are 3 ways to detect biofilm?

What are 4 items in the significance of dental biofilm?

When does acid formation form on teeth?

what is the biofilm pH before eating?

What is the pH for enamel demineralization? for root demineralization?

true or false. food particles are not needed in the mouth for biofilm to form
True False

true or false. The friction of mastication has been shown to affect only the occlusal and incisal thirds of the crowns of teeth. But apples may remove some food debris.

a loosely adherent mass of bacteria and cellular debris that frequently occurs on top of dental biofilm where biofilm removal is neglected

a white material that appears as a bulky, soft deposit that is clearly visible without application of a disclosing agent. It is white or grayish white, and may resemble cottage cheese.

this is a product of informal accumulation of living and dead bacteria, desquamated epithelial cells, disintegrating leukocytes, salivary proteins, and possibley a few particles of food debris

calculus is white, creamy yellow, or gray, sometimes stained, and visible when dried

calc is light to dark brown, dark green, or black, stains are derived from blood pigments from diseased pockets

the shape of this calc is amorphous, bulky, gross deposites form a ledge, shape is determined by tooth anatomy, gingival contour, pressure from tongue, cheek, and lips

shape of this calc is flattened to conform with pressure from the pocket wall, it is a combination of, crusty, spiny, or nodular, ledge or ringlike, thin, smooth veneers, finger or fern-like, or individual calculus islands

consistency of this calc is moderately hard; newer deposites are less dense and hard, porous surface covered with nonmineralized biofilm

consistency of this calc may be, brittle, flintlike, harder and denser, newest deposits are less dense and hard, surface covered with dental biofilm

this calc is found coronal to the gingival margin, and has a thin line to full coronal coverage

this calc is found apical to the gingival margin, extends to the bottom of pocket, following contour of soft tissue attachment with recession, subgingiva may become supragingival

this calc is symmetrical, except with: malpositioned teeth, unilateral hypofunction, inconsistent personal care, and abrasion from food; it is opposite salivary ducts, and can be with our without subgingival deposits

this calc is heaviest on proximal surfaces, lightest on facial surfaces, occurs with or without supragingival deposits

What percent of mature calculus is inorganic components?

what are the 6 main inorganic substances found in calculus?

list 12 trace inorganic elements that have also been identified in mature calculus.

true or false. fluoride is an inorganic substance that may be found in calculus.
True False

2/3 of the inroganic matter of calculus is what?

how mineralized are each of the follwing substances?
enamel
dentin
cementum and bone
calculus

What are 8 organic substances found in calculus?

What are the 3 steps of calculus formation?

how long does it take for more and more calc mineralization centers to develop close to the underlying tooth surface, eventually the centers grow large enough to touch and unite?

What are 3 types of calculus attachment?