-
Water
molecules move from the less concentrated area to the more concentrated area
osmosis
-
The
movement of molecules through a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration
diffusion
-
Energy
(ATP) is used to move sodium
molecules and potassium molecules across a semipermeable membrane
active transport
-
1400
to 1500 ml /day
normal urine output
-
2,500 ml/day
normal fluid intake
-
PRIMARY regulator
of body fluids and electrolyte imbalance, selective
kidneys
-
–loss-perspiration,
water vapor lost in lungs ,Feces
insensible loss
-
stops you from peeing so much,
release and response effect for the need to retain more water.
anti-diuretic hormone
-
most abundant cation in ECF, control and regulation of water
balance.
sodium
-
vital electrolyte for skeletal, cardiac, and
smooth muscle activity, must be ingested daily.
Potassium
-
-99% in the skeletal
system. Vital in regulating muscle contraction, relaxation, neuromuscular
function, and cardiac function.
calcium
-
involved in regulating neuromuscular and
cardiac function
magnesium
-
major component in gastric juice as
hydrochloric acid
chloride
-
essential for functioning of muscles, nerves,
red blood cells
phosphate
-
–regulates acid-base
balance
bicarbonate
-
our “quick regulators
•Regulate acid-base balance by eliminating or
retaining carbon dioxide
–Faster rate/more depth = get rid of more CO2 and pH rises
Slower rate/less depth = retain CO2 and pH lowers-applies to someone with respiratory difficulties, COPD
lungs
-
•Regulate by selectively excreting or conserving bicarbonate and
hydrogen ions
•Slower to respond to change
kidneys
-
factors affecting electrolyte, acid base balance
age, gender, temp., lifestyle
-
excessive perspiration, diahrrea, not taking enough fluid– fluid volume deficit diagnosis
Isotonic loss of water and electrolytes
-
sodium and water are retained in similar
proportions, WATER FOLLOWS SALT.
- Isotonic gain of water and electrolytes
- (fluid volume excess
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