Business Law

The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution

The national government is composed of three separate branches: the executive, the legislative, and the judicial branches. each branch of the government exercises a check on the action of the others.

The provision in Article 1, Section 8, of the U.S. Constitution that gives Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce.

The provisions of the 5th and 4rth ammendments to the Constitution that guarantee that no person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or propert without due process of law. Similar clauses are found in most state constitutions.

The provision in the 14th Ammendment to the Constitution that guarantees that no state will deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. This clause mandates that state governments treat similarly situated individuals in a similar manner.

The provision in the 1st Ammendment to the U.S. Constitution that prohibits Congress from creating any law respecting an establishment of religion.

A system of government in which the states form a union and the sovereign power is divided between a central government and the member states.

A computer program that includes a pattern through which data are passed. When designed to block access to certain Web site, the pattern blocks the retrieval of a site whose URL or key words are on a list within the program.

the provision in the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that prohibits Congress from making any law prohibiting the free exercise of religion.

A clause in Article 4, Section 1, of the Constitution that provides that Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and Judicial Proceedings of evey other State. The clause ensures that rights established under deeds, wills, contracts, and the like in one state will be honored by the other states and that any judicial decision with respect to such property rights will be honored and enforced in all states.

Words inserted into a Web site's key-words field to increase the site's appearance in search engine results.

Powers possessed by states as part of their inherent sovereignty. These powers may be exercised to protect or promote the public order, health, safety, morals, and general welfare.

A doctrine under which certain federal laws preempt, or take precedence over, conflicting state or local laws.

Special rights and exceptions provided by law. Article 4, Section 2, of the Constitution requires states not to discriminate against one another's citizens. A resident of one state cannot be treated as an alien when in another state; he or she may not be denied such privileges and immunities as legal protection, access to courts, travel rights, or property rights.

Reasonable grounds to believe the existence of facts warranting certain actions, such as the search or arrest of a person.

An order granted by a public authority, such as a judge, that authorizes law enforcement personnel to search particular premises or property.

The provision in Article 4 of the Constitution that provides that the Constitution, laws, and treaties of the US are the supreme Law of the Land. Under this clause, state and local laws that directly conflict with federal law will be rendered invalid.

Nonverbal conduct that expresses opinions or thoughts about a subject. _______ is protected under the First Amendment's guarantee of freedom of speech.