Psych 1

  1. mental ability and evolved behaviors
    evolutionary psychology
  2. 3 theories of evolution (origins of the complex)
    Creationism, Seeding Theory, Evolution by natural selection
  3. these are funtional; designed to solve adaptive problems- survival and reproductive; behavior is a function of this
    psychological mechanisms
  4. immediate causal forces explaining psychological mechanisms
    proximate mechanisms
  5. the "why" and deeper level of analysis of explaining psychological mechanisms
    ultimate mechanisms
  6. the change of an



    organic living structure over time
    Evolution
  7. (1744-1829) the inheritance of aquired characteristics, natural tendancy for each species to progress to a higher form
    Lamarck
  8. Curvier (1769-1832) species which are extinguished by sudden catastrophies are replaced by different species
    catastrophism
  9. the start of Darwin's observations leading to his Theory
    the Galapagos finches
  10. favorable variations are preseved/survive, nfavorable variations die off (Matthus's essay) organsims exist in such high numbers, it is impossible for the all to survive
    "struggle for existence"
  11. whe the process of "struggle for existence" is repeated over many generations, the result is the formation of a new species
    natural selection
  12. natual selection, provides the "raw materials" for evolution
    variation
  13. natural selection, variation that are inherited from parents
    inheritance
  14. natural selection, variation that is inherited because those variations are selected which helped in the task of survival or reproduction
    selection
  15. the bottom line of Darwin's Theory- the characteristics get passed down by species who reproduce
    differential reproduction success
  16. focus on adaptations that have arisen as a result of successful mating than successful survival
    sexual selection
  17. males competing for sexual access to a female (or visa versa) single gender competition
    intrasexual selection
  18. opposite genders choose mates based on certain characteristics, preferential mate choice
    intersexual selection
  19. random changes in the genetic makeup of a population
    genetic drift
  20. genetic drift, random hereditary changes in DNA
    genetic mutation
  21. genetic drift, new colony is not representative of the intire original population
    founder effect
  22. genetic drift, the survival of a subset of a species after a casastrophy
    genetic bottleneck
  23. characteristics parents pass to offspring biologically, not aquired characteristics, do not change
    genes
  24. made up of genes, is split in conception
    genotype
  25. concept that parent passes on one half of their origional genes and they are not split or "mixed" witht he genes of the other parent
    particulate inheritance
  26. the study of proximate (immediate causal forces) mechanisms and adaptive value of animal behavior
    ethology
  27. (Lorenz) ducks following the first thing they see when born
    imprinting
  28. (Hamilton) the indirect success of reproducing and passing genes by helping those of the same genes survive, not on a conscious level
    inclusive fitness
  29. success of direct reproduction of genes
    classical fitness
  30. species with charateristics that benefit the group survival (Williams got rif of this idea)
    group selection
  31. evolved solutions to problems in survival or reproduction
    adaptations
  32. Triver's Seminal Theories, relationship evolution, taking care of non kin with the hope that in any given situation they would do the same
    reciprocal altruism
  33. Triver's Seminal Theories, sexual selection based on amount of time parents are involved in reproduction (ex. women are more selective because they spend more than 9 months, while men can spend as little as several minutes)
    parental investment theory
  34. offspring desires all the resources they need, parent dasires to disribute resources evenly to better the genetic code
    parent-offspring conflict
  35. laid the groundwork for other psychologists to better answer the good quetions that he brings up, consciousness and instincts (survival and reproduction can be condenced to sexual instinct)
    Freud
  36. founder of Psychology
    James
  37. founded radical behaviorism
    Watson and Skinner
  38. proven instinctive behavor or behavorism theories, more time with nurturer vs. food source
    Harlow's monkeys
  39. taste aversions
    Garcia
  40. a new scientifice synthesis of modern evolutionary biology and modern psychology
    evolutionary psychology
  41. the theory that a Diety created everything (single-celled organisms to the human brain)
    Creationism
  42. the theory that something outside the earth brought the "seeds" for life here and they evolved from the "seeds"
    Seeding Theory
  43. only accepted theory to explein the diversity of life/adaptations, does not explain how life began
    evolution by natural selection
  44. a product of evolution, inharited characteristics that become more profound through natural selection because it is helpful to survival/reproduction/both
    adaptations
  45. a product of evolution, characteristices that are not functional, but happen along with an adaptation (ex. belly buttons as a result of the adaptation of umbilical cords)
    by-product
  46. the ranfom effects of adapration (ex. the particular shape of a belly button)
    noise or random effects
  47. an adaptation that denotes a characteristic, change of the reason of an adaptation
    exaptation
  48. an adaptation with characteristics that may have evolved but no longer serve a functional purpose
    spandrels
  49. level of evolutionary analysis, the overarching understanding of the evolutionary theory
    General
  50. level of evolutionary analysis, fairly broad but under the general umbrella of understanding the evolutionary theory
    Mid-Level
  51. a specific hypothesis using a strategy derived from an exsisting theory
    Top-Down Strategy
  52. a specific hypothesis using a strategy derived from an observation
    Bottom-Up Strategy
  53. a set of processes inside on organism with (SDTIOO) properties
    evolved psychological mechanisms
Author
scarpenter14
ID
66089
Card Set
Psych 1
Description
Ch 1-4 terms/concepts for exam #1
Updated