PMP Exam Prep

The ratio of remaining work to remaining funds. Formula is (BAC-EV)/(BAC-AC)

Easily measurable cost or benefit of a project; measured in dollars

Represents the total costs that have actually been accured up to a particular point in time; also known as actual cost of work performed (ACWP)

Process of using a previous project of similar characteristic (size, cost, scope,) to estimate a new project

Estimate or plan that the project will try to achieve (cost, scope, time etc.)

A detailed estimating approach that usually involves team input - As the team builds the pieces of the estimate, they build the total estimate from the bottom up

The total amount of money expected to be spent on a project based on the original cost estimates plus any approved changes

Total project budget; amount of money planned to be spent by the time the project is complete; sum of all planned value (PV)

An estimate used to put money into a company's (or project's) budget

A structure used to monitor project cost that usually aligns with a company's accounting system and WBS of the project or program

A numbering system used in project managment to identify pieces of the work breakdown structure

A point where scope, time, budgeted cost, and actual cost come together to measure performance on a project - The control account is used at multiple interface points on the project

The process of controlling changes to the budget and monitoring project spending

The document that explains how to handle cost estimations, budgeting, variances, and other cost-related items on the project

A budget version for a specific time period that is used as the basis for expenditure comparison

A ratio that shows the current efficiency of money being spend on the project; Formula: EV/AC - A value of 1.0 means you are getting out what you put in (which is good); less than 1.0 is bad; greater than 1.0 is good

The difference between what has been built (EV) and what the cost was to build it (AC); Formula: EV-AC - A value of zero (0) means the project is creating what it should for the cost as planned. A negative value means you are over budget; a positive value means you are under budget

A cost estimate that provides the accurate estimation of the project cost; the final esimate to be used on the project before implementation begins; Tolerance range: -10 to +10%

The process of applying the overall cost estimates to the individual work elements to allow for a baseline cost measurement

Cost that is directly applicable to the project (e.g., test computer for software being created on the project, IC chips, or labor used on the project)

Represents the value of the work that has actually been accomplished or completed up to a particular point in time; the percent complete of each activity multiplied by the planned value; also known as budgeted cost of work performed (BCWP)

Earned value management technique that factors in cost (AC) and time (PV) along with what has actually been accomplished (EV) to show the state of the project; produces a quantifiable status of the project instead of a "gut feel" estimate which can be inaccurate and inconsistent

The technique associated with measuring the amount of completion of a work breakdown structure component, control account or project

Represents the projected total estimate, based on the current efficiency (CPI) with which you are spending money on the project; One version of the formula : BAC/CPI

The process of estimating educated consistent process; the cost of people and other resources to complete the project activities

Represents the projected total estimate remaining to be spent, based on the current efficiency (CPI) with which you are spending money on ther project; Formula: EAC-AC

Cost that is not directly accrued on the project (e.g., electricity, taxes, rent)

A project comparison value; represents the discounted rate that zeroes out the net present value (NPV)

A theory which states that the more of something that is produced, the lower the unit cost of it becomes due to an improvement in efficiency

Consideration of not just project cost, but total ownership (operations and support) cost of the item created by the project

Money set aside to account for unpredictable items (unknown unknowns)

A value used in capital budgeting, in which the present value of cash inflow is subtracted from the present value of cash outflows; compares the value of a dollar today versus the value of that same dollar in the future, after taking inflation and return into account

The cost associated with giving up one opportunity for another (e.g., Project "A" $500K, Project "B" $75K. If you select Project "B", it has an opportunity cost of a total of Project "A" which is $50K.)

Application of a mathematical model used to estimate project components (time, cost, scope) by having other variables entered into the application

Represents the total costs that should have been spent up to a particular point in time; also known as budgeted cost of work scheduled (BCWS)

Money made after expenses have been subtracted from revenue

Ratio between revenues and profit on a project, product, or initiative

Processes used to complete the project within the approved budge

Money set aside in a budget used for items that are difficult to predict; also known as contingency reserves

Very early cost estimate used to give a rough estimate of what the project will cost to complete: Tolerance range: -50% to +50%

Ratio of earned value and planned value that can be used to calculate how a project is progressing

The difference between what has been built (EV) and the time it should take to build it (PV); formula: EV-PV - A value of zero (0) means the project is creating what it should in the planned time-frame. A negative value means that it is taking longer than planned on the project to complete activities

Graphic representation of costs, work, and other quantities over time so that the planned value, earned value, and actual cost of the work can be seen

Money that has already been spent on a project; should not be considered when selecting or evaluating a project