What are the names of the four main rivers in Africa?
Nile, Congo, Niger, and Zambezi
Why is it impossible to sail from Africa's interior to the sea?
Cataracts
A large, mostly flat area that rises above the surrounding land is a:
Plateau
A physical feature that makes travel difficult is a:
Transportation barrier
The the major factors that influence climate in Africa are:
1. Distance from large bodies of water
2. Major landforms
3. Elevation
4. Distance from Equator
The three primary types of vegetation regions in Africa are:
1. Tropical rainforest
2. Tropical savannas
3. Deserts
In very dry lands, farmers ___________ their crops.
irrigate
People who travel from place to place to make a living are called ____________.
Nomads
In much of Africa, ____________________ mine the resources and take the profits.
Foreign companies
Africa has few _________ to make products from its own raw materials.
Factories
Raising just enough crops to support one's family is called:
Subsistence farming
Crops raised to sell are called:
Cash crops
How did Africa's first people obtain food?
Hunting and gathering
What civilizations grew up along the Nile?
Egypt in 4000 BC and Nubia in 6000 BC
What were some effects of the Bantu Migrations?
farming, herding, iron tools, and Bantu languages
To adapt wild plants and animals for humans is to:
Domesticate
A society with cities, a government, social classes, art, and architecture is a:
Civilization
A group that shares a language, and religion, and customs is an:
Ethnic group
What items were traded between West African kingdoms and North Africa?
Salt and gold
What helped the East African city-states develope?
Taxes and trade
Swahili is a mix of:
Arabic and Bantu languages
What were the results of European contact on the people of Africa?
They were enslaved and forced to work in mines
What were the results of European contact on the resources of Africa?
The Europeans mined them and took the profit
What were the results of European contact on the government of Africa?
Africans were denied the right to participate and ethnic groups were forced together
What were the results of European contact on the land of Africa?
Europeans took the best land to farm on
What was the effect of WWII on the Africans to fought?
They wanted the freedom they fought for
Why was it difficult for some independent African countries to govern themselves?
The leaders had little or no experience
The movement that stressed African unity and cooperation was known as:
Pan-Africanism
Some African countries have had a long history of ________, in which the government is controlled by the people.
Democracy
The largest ethnic groups in North Africa are:
Arabs and Berbers
Ideas move with:
Travel and trade
True or false: West Africans often live with their extended family and share common ancestors.
True
True or false: Many African families do not have kinship ties with others in a clan.
False
Kinship
A family relationship
Nuclear family
Parents and children
Extended family:
Includes relatives other than nuclear family
A lineage:
Shares a common ancestor
A clan:
Is a group of lineages with a common ancestor
Africans thought this about the land before Europeans-
Nobody owned land
Who introduced the idea of privately owned land to Africa?
Europeans
East Africans believe there home is:
The land where they grew up
The British set up ______ in East Africa.
Plantations
A migrant worker:
Moves from place to place to find work
What landforms make up most of the Sahara?
Plateaus and plains
Where does the water in the desert come from?
Oases
What kinds of jobs are there for the people of the Sahara?
Farming, herding, and oil and gas businesses
Where are the Rainforests located in Africa?
Central and Western Africa
Congo, Gabon, Cameroon, Nigeria, D.R. Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, and Madagascar
What is the climate of the rainforest?
Humid, hot, and rainy
How do plants adapt to the rainforests?
They adapt to the amount of light and moisture their layer receives
How is the rainforest a habitat for many animals?
Provides food and shelter
Has layers
What are Savannas?
Flat, sunny plains covered in grass and scattered bushes and trees
What types of animals live in the savanna?
Grazing and leaf-eating animals, predators, and scavengers
Where do many of the wild animals now live? Why?
Game reserves
Ranches
Were blacks allowed to work in South Africa in the 1940's?
Yes
What is apartheid?
A form of racial segregation in which blacks are not given basic rights
Mandela believes that freedom's most powerful weapon is:
Education
Was there peace after Mandela's release from prison?
No, there was violence
True or False: Mandela decided that after prison, he would spend the rest of his life providing support for those who need it, thanking people that had helped him, and responding to those that need help.
True
How did Mandela keep up with world events while in prison?
Getting newspapers from a garbage dump
True or False: Mandela believes that one of the greatest qualities of a leader is humility.
