short account of particular incident or event of an interesting nature
red herring
something intended to divert attention from the real problem at hand
overgeneralization
act or process of overgeneralizing
understatement
lack of emphasis in a statement or point
oxymoron
figure of speech that combines two contradictory terms
paradox
statement that seems contradictory but is actually true
euphemism
substitution of a mild, indirect, or vague expression for one thought to be offensive, harsh, or blunt
ad hominem
latin means: "against the man" or "against the person"
claim or argument is rejected on basis of some irrelevant fact about the author of or the person presenting the claim or argument
begging the question
premises in chich the truth of the conclusion is claimed or the truth of the conclusion is assumes (either directly or indirectly)
post hoc
fallacy is committed when its concluded that one event causes another simply because the proposed cause occured before the proposed effect
red herring
basic idea is to "win" and argument by leading attention away from the argument to another topic
slippery slope
person asserts that some event must inevitably follow from another without any argument for the inevitability of the event in question
series of steps or graduations between one event and the one in question and no reason is given as to why the intervening steps or gradations will simply be bypassed