phonology

rules that derive phonetic representations from underlying representations, accounting for alternations among allophones

a characteristic of certain non-linguistic approaches to grammar in that they seek to prescribe one system in preference to another

one sound influencing the articulation of the other in a sequence of phonetic segments

the nasalizing effect that a nasal consonant can have on adjacent vowels

a mark added to a phonetic symbol to alter its value in some way(eg. a circle under a symbol to indicate voicelessness)

a process in which a monophthong becomes a dipathong

variants of phoneme,usually in complementary distribution and phonetically similar

the element or elements for which a head is subcategorized and which provide information about entities and locations whose existance is implied by the meaning of the head

variants of a phoneme that never occur in the same phonetic environment are in complementary distribution

the set of elements with which an item can co-occur

sounds are in free variation when they do not contrast can occur in identical phonetic environments and are phonetically similar

two forms with distinct meaning that differ by only one segment found in the same position in each form

vowels that are perceived as relatively more prominent due to the combined effects of pitch loudness and length

different in pronunciation but not indicating a difference in meaning

a consonant maintained for roughly twice the normal duration of the corresponding single consonant

violating the phonological rules of a language

a distinction between two sounds(or sequence of sounds) which corresponds to a difference in the meaning of words either by itself or as the primary distinction among a set of cues.

a nonsense word which satisfies the phonological rules of the language

as applied to phonetic distinctions unlikely to be misperceived due to strong cues

obeying the phonological rules and language