survey_of_american_history.txt

Sir William Berkeley

Bacon's Rebellion of 1676

Nathaniel Bacon

Bacon, Berkeley

The Pequot War

The King Philip's War

Labor shortages

• 1. Eliminated the illegal sugar trade between colonies and French/Spanish West Indies.
• 2. Strengthened enforcement of the duty on sugar
• 3. Established new vice-admiralty courts to try smugglers.

Ordered colonial assemblies to stop issuing paper money and to retire all of it already in circulation

Imposed a tax on all printed documents in the colonies such as newspapers, almanacs, pamphlets, deeds, wills, and licenses

Allowed Parliament to declare its sovereignty over the colonies "in all cases whatsoever"

Brought a two-way interchange of culture and products both enriching and devestating the Eastern and Western hemispheres. Culturally, the exchange ultimately created new cultures as a result of the interaction and mixing of European, African, and Amerindian ways and peoples.

Significant as symbols of the English reliance on commerce for prosperity, their critical role in establishing 17th century English colonies, and as commercial enterprises

This procedure allowed prosperous planters to build up huge estates while they also acquired dependent laborers and justified the notion that the wealth of a few justified the exploitation of many others

The first elected legislature withing what was to become the United States.

A North American colony established by the Pilgrims, their idea was to live a pure, primitive, and Godly life apart from the corruption of Europe.

Early settlers of Massachusetts and most of New England

An early advocate of the seperation of church and state, he founded the village of Providence in what would become Rhode Island

Also known as the Society of Friends, they were a liberal colony in Pennsylvania offering freedom of religion, government based on the consent of the governed, and open land laws

A prominent Quaker leader, he founded a colony in North America for people of all religions and nations based on toleration, representative government, and peaceful relations with Indians.

Initially a much-needed source of labor in the colonies, about 25% of them, once freed, remained poor and often became criminals

Resulted in a reduction in the authority of the governor, an expansion of the colony, and the increased use of African slaves.

Significant because it is an example of the colonists' willingness to use force to acquire land and because the military power of the New England Indians was broken forever.

The economic theory that says states must beat the competition in the race for limited wealth.

Significant because it created a shared experience for many across all the colonies, it reemphasized the idea of everyone being equal before God, and it encouraged mass resistance to authority thereby laying the groundwork for the American Revolution

Beliefs that by understanding the universe and people controlling their own affairs played a major role in bringing and shaping the American Revolution.

Fourth of the wars for empire between France and England which resulted in English control of the eastern half of North America and precipitated imperial legislation leading to eventual revolution.

Became the focus of the first pre-Revolutionary protest and is seen as the opening of the Revolutionary Era.

Colonists saw them as another example of the British undercutting their economy and curtailing their rights of self-government, and accordingly protested.

This murky incident was transformed by Paul Revere and Samuel Adams into a graphic symbol of British oppression and brutality.

Lowered the cost of tea while maintaining a tax on tea and saving the East India Company from bankruptcy. The colonial radicals saw the Act as a plot to entice the colonists to pay a tax by buying cheaper tea.

In retaliation for the Boston Tea Party, Parliament passed these four measures which led to boycotts of British goods and the First Continental Congress in the colonies

This body issued the Declaration of Independence, wrote the Articles of Confederation, and governed the U.S. during most of the American Revolution.

The beginning of the military phase of the American Revolution.

Americans who supported the British crown throughout the Revolution, they were a primary reason for the third phase of the War for Independence.

Washington's victory here turned the tide in the war and led to the birth of the U.S.

Resulted in the defeat of General Burgoyne, ended the British Northern Campaign, and influenced the French to recognize the independence of the U.S.

Established a confederated government under which the individual states were sovereign and the central government was extremely weak with largely theoretical powers delegated to it by the states.

The final major battle of the American Revolution which convinced the British to negotiate with the Americans.

U.S. gained its independence and territory to the Mississippi but also that the U.S. commissioners in Paris who negotiated with the British revealed that they were prepared to use any means to achieve success.

The belief system that a government's citizens should be self-reliant, incorruptible, and practitioners of civic virtue.

An impressive triumph of the Articles of Confederation, it brought order to western settlement and incorporated frontier Americans into an expanding federal system.

Uprising of farmers in Massachusetts to prevent foreclosures on land which posed a threat to social order and motivated some to call for a Constitutional Convention.

Changed the whole purpose of the Constitutional Convention from reforming the Articles of Confederation to replacing them with a stronger national government.