-
What cells produce prostanoids?
All cells
-
What cells produce leukotrienes?
Lymphocytes and Macrophages
-
What are the three important Prostanoids?
- Prostaglandin (PG)
- Prostacyclin (PGI)
- Thromboxane (TX)
-
What is the predominate Omega, 3 or 6, in the american diet?
omega-6 >90%
-
What is the number for a-linoleic acid?
18:3, omega-3
-
What is the number for linoleic acid?
18:2, omega-6
-
Out of the prostanoid derivatives EPA, DGLA and AA, which is the most inflammatory and prominent?
AA
-
Which is a stronger platelet inhibitor, PGI2 or PGI3?
PGI3
-
Which is a stronger platelet stimulator, TX2 or TX3?
TX2
-
What are the cleaved products of Gs and Gq?
- Gs= Adenylyl cyclase = cAMP
- Gq= PLC = IP3 and DAG
-
What is the four step process of prostaglandin and thromboxane production? (use AA)
- 1) Ca activated PLA2, moves to membrane
- 2) Release AA
- 3) Production of PGH2 utilizing COX and peroxide (PGH Synthase rxn)
- 4) Production of cell-specific prostanoid
-
What is the RLE in prostanoid production?
PLA2
-
What is the process of forming leukotrienes?
- 1) AA in lymphocyte or macrophage
- 2) AA + 5-lipoxygenase
- 3) 5-HPETE formed
- 4) LT formed
-
How does asprin induce asthma?
- Asthma blocks COX
- This shunts AA away from PG and TX production and into LT production
- increased LT = more allregic/inflammation response
-
Which is more common, COX-1 or COX-2?
- COX-1: made in most cells
- ***COX-2 is created during inflammation and immunity
-
Which is more easily inhibited, COX-1 or COX-2 and why?
COX-2 b/c of a larger area for inhibitor binding
-
Where are the five common areas of COX-2 production?
- Lung
- Brain
- Kidney
- Endothelium
- Bone
-
What are the three keys to an NSAID?
- 1) Anti-inflammation
- 2) Analgesic
- 3) Antipyretic
-
Which does aspirin inhibit most, COX-1 or COX-2?
COX-2
-
What is the bleeding pathology of Aspirin?
increased GI bleeding b/c of platelet inhibition (PGI3) and weak platelet stimulation (TX3)
-
What is the positive and negative of celebrex?
Positive: Blocks only COX-2 so it does not cause GI bleeding
Negative: increased risk of heart attacks
-
What is the effect of steroids (glucocorticoids) on PLA2?
Inhibition
-
What is the affect of annexin-1 on PLA2?
Inhibition
-
What prostanoids do Gs and Gq receive?
- Gs: PGI2 = adenylyl cyclase and cAMP
- Gq: TX2 = PLC = IP3 and DAG
-
What prostaglandins do COX-1 and COX-2 help produce?
- COX-1 = TX2 (platelets)
- COX-2 = PGI2 (endothelium)
-
How are prostanoids inactivated?
At specific site of action
-
How are prostanoids catabolized?
- In lungs
- Due to presence of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
|
|
