The term ghost in the machine refers to which concept?
A. that there is a nonphysical mind that resides in the brain
Which of the following monist theories states that the world only exists in an individual's mind?
C. solipsism
According to functionalism, it is best to characterize minds
B. in terms of the operation they perform
According to libertarians,
B. determinism is false
While nativism claims that ideas are innate, rationalism claims that
B. reasoning capabilities are innate
The Chinese room scenario demonstrates that
D. following an algorithm does not always demonstrate understanding
TRUE or FALSE:
Reductionists wish to reduce psychological phenomena to small-scale neural functioning.
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE:
Qualia refers to the subjective feeling of a cognitive process.
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE:
For Searle, there is no distinction between conscious mental states and physical mental states.
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE:
By the multiple drafts model of consciousness, processing occurs through different parallel pathways.
TRUE
The field of cognitive science can best be described as
B. a collaborative, interdisciplinary study of the mind
The word animal is an example of which kind of representation?
B. concept
The rules by which units of language are combined and transformed are called
D. syntax
Memory, language, attention, and perception are all examples of
C. mental operations
When a computer follows a software program to reach a certain output, which level is it operating on?
B. algorithmic level
Cognitive psychology arose as a backlash against
D. behaviorism
TRUE or FALSE:
Propositional representations are both verbal and visual.
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE:
In the connectionist view, knowledge is represented locally in the form of symbols.
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE:
Philosophy, like psychology, operates according to the scientific method.
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE:
Robots programmed to process from a bottom-up approach are programmed with a lot of information about the world.
FALSE
Which of the following accurately states the relationship between the dependent and independent variable in an experiment?
are manipulated by the experimenter.
C. Change in the dependent variable is measured as the independent variable is manipulated by the experimenter.
Seeing a cat and noting that it is black reflects our
A. immediate experience of the cat
According to James, substantive thought occurs when
A. thoughts are focused
According to Gestaltism,
C. the whole is more than the sum of its parts
Suppose you shine a light into the aquarium each time before feeding your goldfish. Having done this several times, the fish now rise to the surface to feed in the presence of the light before receiving the food. The light is an example of
C. a conditioned stimulus
Since being thirsty may influence the behaviors associated with getting a drink of water, Tolman considers thirst
A. an intervening variable
TRUE or FALSE:
For Titchener, the strength of a sensation can be described in terms of clearness.
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE:
Freud believed that we are aware of the unconscious mind.
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE:
Introspection was the behaviorists' main ethodology.
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE:
Behaviorists believed that the mind could not be studied scientifically.
TRUE
The argument that language develops as a result of an innate mechanism that is not dependent on the environment is proposed by
A. Chomsky
In cognitive psychology, process models are used to represent
D. the independent stages through which information processing proceeds
Which aspect of the Pandemonium model would represent the overall appearance of a letter?
D. an image demon
You are looking in your closet for your green wool sweater in a pile of black pants. Detecting the green sweater requires
B. pre-attentive processing
In Broadbent's theory of attention, a filter selects information to be attended to based on
C. physical characteristics
The fact that we can recognize a frying pan when it is viewed from the top and from the side is accounted for by
D. invariance
TRUE or FALSE:
In Triesman's parallel search, items are scanned one at a time until the target stimulus pops out.
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE:
The dichotic listening task was developed to study selective attention.
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE:
According to Kahneman, attentional capacity is optimal during periods of high arousal.
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE:
It is more difficult to recognize an object when the junctions between geons are occluded.
