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Population
A group of organisms that belong to the same species and live in a particular place at the same time
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Population Density
Measures how crowded a population is
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Dispersion
The spatial distribution of individuals within the population
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Birth Rate
The number of births occuring in a period of time
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Death Rate
The number of deaths in a period of time
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Life Expectancy
How long on average an individual is expected to live
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Age Structure
The distribution of individuals among different ages in a population
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Survivorship
Curves that show the probability that members of a population will survive to a certain age
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Growth Rate
The rate by which a population's size changes in a given time
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Immigration
The movement of individuals into a population
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Emigration
The movement of individuals out of the population
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Exponential Model
The observation that populations can grow in a pattern
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Limiting Factor
Any factor, such as space, that restrains the growth of a population
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Logistic Model
Population growth builds on the exponential model but accounts for the influence of limiting factors
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Carrying Capacity
The number of individuals the environment can support over a long period of time
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Density-independent Factor
Two kinds of limiting factors, which control population size, have been identified
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Density-dependent Factors
Include resource limitations, such as shortages of food or nesting sites, and are triggered by increasing population size
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Inbreeding
Mating with relatives
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Hunter-gatherer Lifestyle
Studying the way of life of the hunter-gatherer societies
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Agricultural Revolution
Dramatic change in lifestyle
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Developed Countries
Categories that include all of the world's modern, industrialized countries
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Developing Countries
A category that includes most countries in Asia, Central America, South America, and Africa
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Demographic Transition
Model that shows how these population changes happen
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