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what is the most common cause of spinal cord injuries
- motor vehicle accidents – 47.7%
- falls-20.8%
- sports – 14.2%
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what sport has the most spinal cord injuries
- diving – 37%
- football – 16%
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true or false – 80% of spinal cord injuries happen to men
true
Typically have dangerous jobs and reckless behavior
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true or false – 66% of spinal cord injuries occur in caucasians
true
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what is average age of someone that has a spinal cord injury
40 years old
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true or false – 70% of patients who suffer from a spinal cord injury have less than a high school education
true
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how much does it cost the nation each year to treat spinal cord injury patients
9.7 billion
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what kind of fracture is this
- compression fracture
- caused by a loading on the head or butt
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what kind of fracture is this
burst fracture
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what is this condition
dislocation of vertebrae
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what is this condition
- hyperextension injury
- anterior longitudinal ligament strain
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what is spinal shock
initial peroid after injury when there is no sensation, no voluntary control, no reflexes; may last few hours to weeks
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What sign shows you that spinal shock is wearing off
anal wink
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what is autonomic dysreflexia
- pathologicaautonomic response to noxious stimulus – pain, full bladder, pressure sores, cold etc.
- occurs with spinal cord injuries rostral to T6
- Vasoconstriction below injury produces hypotension
- Vasodilation of of injury produces headaches, blurred vision, nausea, diaphoresis
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What is heterotopic ossification
fusion of hips
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true or false – a spinal cord injury will typically decrease life expectancy
true
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what are the characteristics of Brown Sequard spinal cord injury
- hemi-transection of the cord
- s/s – loss of function or weakness of upper and lower extremities of ipsilateral side and loss of pain and temperature on contralateral
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what is the cause of Brown Sequard spinal cord injury
- caused by ruptured disc or penetrating trauma
- knife wounds
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what are the characteristics of anterior cord syndrome
- flexion injuries
- decreased sensation of pain and temperature below the lesion
- intact light touch and proprioception
- paralysis
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what is the cause of anterior cord syndrome
caused by pressure to anterior spinal cord by ruptured disc or fragments
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what are the characteristics of central cord syndrome
- greater motor impairment in the upper than in the lower extremities
- sacral sparing
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what is the cause of central cord syndrome
hyperextension with lateral flexion
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