-
- the freedom from
disease-causing microorganisms. Clean vs. dirty
Sepsis
-
state of infection and can
take many forms, including septic shock.
Asepsis
-
-localized swelling
-localized redness, hyperemia (heat)
-pain or tenderness
-loss of function of body part
signs of localized infection
-
fever
increase pulse, respiratory rate, if high fever
malaise, loss of energy
anorexia
enlargement of lymph nodes
signs of systemic infection
-
normal wbc count is:
5-10,000
-
nosocomial infection during diagnostic/ therapeutic procedures
latrogenic infection
-
antibodies are already present in the body, duration lifelong
natural active immunity
-
vaccination
artificial active immunity
-
host receives natural or artificial antibodies produced from another source
passive immunity
-
mothers immunity passed to baby through placenta
natural passive immunity
-
immunity after being exposed
artificial passsive immunity
-
chain of infection
- etiologic agent (microorganism)
- reservoir
- portal of exit
- method of transmission
- portal of entry
- susceptible host
-
inhibits growth of some microorganisms
antiseptic
-
destroy pathogens other than spores
disinfectant
-
chemical used on skin
antiseptic
-
toxic to tissue
disinfectant
-
most inexpensive way to sterilize, but does not destroy all spores and virus
boiling water for 15 minutes
-
which type of precaution is used for C Diff?
airborne
droplet,
or contact
contact precatuion
-
order of putting on PPE
- 1. gown
- 2. mask
- 3. eyewear
- 4. gloves
-
order of removing PPEs
- 1. remove gloves
- 2. eyewear
- 3. gown
- 4. mask
-
Principles of surgical asepsis
- 1. all objects used in a sterile field must be sterile
- 2. objects become unsterile when touched by unsterile
- 3. sterile items out of vision or below the waist or table level are considered unsterile
- 4. sterile objects become unsterile by prolonged exposure to airborne microorganisms
- 5. fluids flow in the direction of gravity
- 6. skin cannot be sterilized and is unsterile
-
exposure to bloodborn pathogens
- 1. complete incident report
- 2. get tested
- 3.
-
C diff requires what type of isolation:
contact
-
requires what type of isolation?
droplet isolation
-
tuberculosis requires what type of isolation?
airborne isolation
-
steps to bloodborne pathogen exposure
- report incident immediately
- complete injury report
- seek evaluation: tesing of source of hepa B, C or hiv
- for a puncture, encourage bleeding
-
exposure to hiv requires
treatment asap, preferably within hours of exposure
-
droplet precaution
if private room is unavailable, place client with the same infection in same room.
place surgical mask on client during transport
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