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What type of stem cells differentiate into cells that produce platelets?
hemopoietic stem cells
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What creates a platelet?
The fragments of megakaryocytes
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How do platelets get into blood/
they break off of megakaryocytes in red bone marrow and then enter the blood circulation.
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What is the shape of a platelet?
disc shaped and has no nucleus, but many vesicles
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What do platelets do?
help stop blood loss from damaged blood vessels by forming a platelet plug
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What do platelets have that promote blood clotting?
Their granules contain chemicals that, when released, promote blood clotting
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How long do platelets live?
5-9 days
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How are platelets removed once dead?
by fixed macrophages in the spleen and liver
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Name the functions of the neutrophils
Phagocytosis. Destruction of bacteria with lysozyme, defensins, and strong oxidants, such as superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and hypochlorite anion
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Name the functions of the eosinophils
Combat the effects of histamine in allergic reactions, phagocytize antigen–antibody complexes, and destroy certain parasitic worms
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Name the funtions of the basophils
Liberate heparin, histamine, and serotonin in allergic reactions that intensify the overall inflammatory response.
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Name the funtions of the lymphocytes
Mediate immune responses, including antigen–antibody reactions. B cells develop into plasma cells, which secrete antibodies. T cells attack invading viruses, cancer cells, and transplanted tissue cells. Natural killer cells attack a wide variety of infectious microbes and certain spontaneously arising tumor cells.
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Name the funtions of the monocytes
Phagocytosis (after transforming into fixed or wandering macrophages
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Name the funtions of the platelets
Form platelet plug in hemostasis; release chemicals that promote vascular spasm and blood clotting
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What is a CBC
a very valuable test that screens for anemia and various infections
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What are the normal hemoglobin ranges in infants, women and men?
infants, 14–20 g/100 mL of blood; adult females, 12–16 g/100 mL of blood; and adult males, 13.5–18 g/100 mL of blood
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