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_____ of adults have decay
94%
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what is caries mechanisms thru history?
- worms
- humor
- vital
- chemical
- parasite
- chemo-parasitic (miller 1890)
- proteolytic
- proteolysis-chelation (schatz and martin 1955)
- auto-immunity (1966)
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What is GV Black's contribution in 1914?
- he described both the sites and mechanism of dissolution of enamel
- had good idea of plaque (now known as biofilm)
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What are the 3 requirements for caries?
- 1. host factors: tooth
- 2. microflora: plaque
- 3. substrate: diet
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What is caries?
- an infectious disease
- outcome = progressive destruction of tooth substance
- as result of interactions between metabolic products
- of microorganisms ahdering to tooth surfaces
- and the organic, and inorganic components of enamel and dentim or cementum
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Describe the Venn diagrame of caries?
combination of 4 different substances to create caries - host and teeth, microorganisms, substrate, and time
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Caries is:
- bacterial driven
- site specific
- multifactorial
- generally chronic
- dynamic disease process
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Direction of demineralization and remineralization.
- sound enamel -> caries = demineralization
- caries -> sound enamel = remineralization
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What are the classification of caries by site?
- pit and fissure
- smooth surface
- interproximal caries
- enamel caries
- root caries
- hidden caries
- recurrent caries
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What are the classification by activity?
- white spot - smooth is arrested, rough is active
- brown spot
- initial
- incipient
- active caries lesion (progressive) - fast progression does not have recession
- arrested
- inactive
- remineralized
- chronic
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cariogenic environment can be altered how?
- pit and fissure caries is a closed ecosystem
- cusp broke and became opened ecosystem
- leads to arrested lesion because it became easier to clean
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What are the 3 plaque hypothesis?
- the specific plaque hypothesis
- non-specific plaque hypothesis
- ecological plaque hypothesis
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what is dental erosion?
- physical result of pathologic, chronic, localized, loss of dental hard tissue chemically etched away from tooth surface
- caused - by acid and/or chelation
- without bacterial involvement
- can be - dietary, occupational, intrinsic
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what is this?
white spot arrested
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what is this?
white spot active
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what are these?
- top : white spot active
- bottom: white spot arrested
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what is this?
active caries lesion (progressive) - no recession
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