Fluid and Electrolytes Pt II

Diet high in protien and carbs. This way the carbs will be used as energy and the protien will be spared to build muscle

• Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
• Decrease plasma protein
• Increase cap. permeability

Edema

• tachycardia
• dizziness
• low bp

• Decrease in cap. hydrostatic pressure
• Increase in colloidal osmotic pressure
• Re-mobilization of fluid following burns or trauma

Symptoms of fluid overload: BP will go up, kidney will excrete a lot, urine will be dilute, Bounding heart beat, (if hypoxic… tachycardia), and anytime you have a pt in fluid overload…. Assess lungs for pulmonary edema

• Shrink
• Decreased water intake
• extracellular solute excess
• *manifests itself as dehydration symptoms

• IV Isotonic solution
• Utilize oral liquids with electrolytes

Within Normal Limits

• Used to describe the distribution of body water
• First Spacing – normal distribution of ICF and ECF
• Second Spacing – abnormal accumulation in interstitial space (edema)
• Third Spacing – is trapped fluid and essentially unavailable. It is a distributional shift of fluid in a space that is not easily exchanged with the ECF (peritonitis)

• Pseudo: Do not treat. Redraw blood.
• Example: when pts finger is milked after a fingerstick and K level is high and “hemolyzed” means it is false and must be redrawn

10-20

• Normal Hematocrit Male: 43-49
• Normal Hematocrit Female: 38-45

• renal disease or dehydration.
• To decide between the 2…. If creatinin is normal… its dehydration. If creatinin is elevated=renal failure

1.005-1.020

• 4-7
• This should fluctuate; if it doesn't, that is indicative of renal disease.