psychology chapter 11

the process of starting, direction, and maintaining physical and psychological activities; includes mechanisms involved in preferences for one activity over another and the vigor and persistence of responses

internal state that arises in response to a disequilibrium in an animal's physiological needs

constancy or equilibrium of the internal conditions of the body

external stimulus or reward that motivates behavior although it does not relate directly to biological needs

programmed tendency that is essential to a species's survival

the learning theory the role of observation and the imitation of behaviors observed in others

Maslows views that basic human motives form a hierarchy and that the needs at each level of the hierarchy must be satisfied before the next level can be achieved; these needs progress from basic biological needs to the need for self-actualization

an eating disorder in which an individual weighs less than 85% percent of her or his expected weight but still expresses intense fear of becoming fat

an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by measures to purge the body of excess calories

an eating disorder characterized by out of control binge eating without subsequent purges

the motivational state of excitement and tension brought about by physiological and cognitive reactions to erotic stimuli

the time and energy parents must spend raising their offspring

socially learned program of social responsiveness`

unwanted sexual violation by social acquaintance in the context of consensual dating situation

a projective test in which pictures of ambiguous scenes are presented to an individual, who is encouraged to generate stories about them

an assumed basic human need to strive for achievement of goals that motivates a wide range or behavior and thinking

judgement about the causes of outcomes

psychologists who studies various aspects of the human work environment, such as communications among employees, socialization or enculturation of workers, leadership, job, satisfaction, stress and burnout, and overall quality of life

a cognitive theory of work motivation that proposes that workers are motivated to maintain fair and equitable relationships with other relevant persons; also, a model that postulates that equitable relationships are those in which the participants' outcomes are proportional to their inputs

a cognitive theory of work motivation that proposes that workers are motivated when they expect their efforts and job performance to result in desired outcomes