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adolescence
the transition period from childhood to adulthood, extending from puberty to independence. (p. 154)
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puberty:
the period of sexual maturation, during which a person becomes capable of reproducing. (p. 155)
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primary sex characteristics:
the body structures (ovaries, testes, and external genitalia) that make sexual reproduction possible. (p. 155)
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secondary sex characteristics:
nonreproductive sexual characteristics, such as female breasts and hips, male voice quality, and body hair. (p. 155)
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menarche: [meh-NAR-key]
the first menstrual period. (p. 155)
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Lawrence Kohlberg-moral thinking-3 levels
- Preconventional morality Before age 9, most children’s morality focuses on self-interest: They obey rules either to avoid punishment or to gain concrete rewards.
- Conventional morality By early adolescence, morality focuses on caring for others and on upholding laws and social rules, simply because they are the laws and rules.
- Postconventional morality With the abstract reasoning of formal operational thought, people may reach a third moral level. Actions are judged “right” because they flow from people’s rights or from self-defined, basic ethical principles.
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social identity:
the “we” aspect of our self-concept; the part of our answer to “Who am I?” that comes from our group memberships. (p. 159)
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intimacy: in Erikson’s theory,
the ability to form close, loving relationships; a primary developmental task in late adolescence and early adulthood. (p. 160)
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emerging adulthood:
for some people in modern cultures, a period from the late teens to mid-twenties, bridging the gap between adolescentdependence and full independence and responsible adulthood. (p. 162)
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According to Kohlberg, preconventional morality focuses on _______; conventional morality is more concerned with _______.
self-interest; upholding laws and social rules
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According to Piaget, the ability to think logically about abstractions indicates
formal operational thought
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Primary sex characteristics relate to _____; secondary sex characteristics refer to ____
reproductive organs; nonreproductive traits
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In Erikson’s stages, the primary task during adolescence is
forging an identity
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emerging adulthood.
Some developmental psychologists now refer to the period from age 18 to the mid-twenties and beyond (up to the time of social independence) as
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