-
Sodium Na
rare, except with chronic diarrhea or vomiting and certain renal disorders; nausea, dizziness, muscle cramps, apathy
-
Potassium K
muscular weakness, paralysis, anorexia, confusion (occurs with dehydration)
-
Chloride Cl
rare, may occur secondary to chronic diarrhea or vomiting and certain renal disorders: muscle cramps, anorexia, apathy
-
Calcium (Ca)
- children: impaired growth
- Adults: osteoporosis
-
-
Magnesium (Mg)
- weakness, confusion; growth failure in children
- severe deficiency: convulsions, hallucinations, tetany
-
-
Iron Fe
impaired immune function, decreased work capacity, apathy, lethargy, fatigue, itchy skin, pale nail beds and eye membranes, impaired wound healing, intolerance to cold temperatures.
-
Zinc Zn
growth retardation, hair loss, diarrhea, delayed sexual maturation and impotence, eye and skin lesions, anorexia, delayed wound healing, taste abnormality, mental lethargy.
-
Iodine
- goiter, wight gain, lethargy
- during pregnancy may cause severe and irreversible mental and physical retardation (cretenism)
-
Selenium Se
enlarged heart, poor heart function, impaired thyroid activity
-
Copper Cu
rare: anemia, bone abnormalities
-
-
Flouride Fl
susceptibility to dental decay, may increase riskof osteoporosis
-
Chromium Cr
insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance
-
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