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Enlightment
An intellectual movement of the eighteenth century whose central themes were reason, nature, and progress.
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Galant
Eighteenth-century musical style that featured songlike melodies, short phrases, frequent cadences, and light accompaniment.
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Emfindsamer Stil
- Close relative of the galant style, featuring
- surprising turns of harmony, chromaticism, nervous rhythms, and speechlike melodies.
North German sensitive or sentimental style.
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Da Capo
Creates an ABA form
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Sonata Form
Form typically used in the first movements of sonatas, instrumental chamber works, and symphonies during the classic period.
An expansion of rounded binary form.
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Rondo
Musical form in which the first or main section recurs, usually in the tonic, between subsidiary sections or episodes.
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Sonata-rondo
A form that blends characteristics of sonata form and rondo form.
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Opera seria
Italian serious opera
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Opera Buffa
Full length work with six or more characters and was sung throughout
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Dramma Giocoso
Italian comic opera with some serious elements.
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Intermezzo
Comic work performed between the acts of opera seria
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Ballad opera
Light, comic opera of England, Ireland, and America.
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Singspiel
Light opera of north and central Germany
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Opera Comique
Opera with a French text and spoken dialogue
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Romance
Lyrical, strophic poem or setting of poem on subject of love.
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Sonata
Became the major genre in the Classic period.
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Concerto
Multi-movement work for soloist/small group and orchestra.
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Sinfonia
Italian opera overture
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Symphony
Three or four movement work for orchestra
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Symphonie concertante
Concerto-like work with two or more soloists.
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What is a characteristic of opera seria?
Frequent arias
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What characterizes opera comique?
Simple melodies called ariettas
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What is not a belief of Gluck?
Music should assimilate learned complexities
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What religion adapted church music to the style of opera?
Catholic
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What was the primary type of sacred music in New England during the colonial period?
Psalm-setting
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Harpsichord
Pluck the strings
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Clavichord
Tangent to strike the strings
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Fortepiano
Hammers to strike the strings
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What instrument was invented in 1710 and became a standard woodwind member by 1780?
Clarinet
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What center developed an orchestra, referred to as "an army of generals," that was renowned throughout Europe for its precision and technique?
Mannheim
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What does not describe the sonatas of CPE Bach?
They sustain the Baroque style well into the Classic era
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In what region did the symphony originate?
Italy
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By the end of the eighteenth century, the role of leading the orchestra fell to...
The leader of the violins
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What is not a characteristic of sonata form as described by Heinrich Christoph Koch?
The form is divided into three principal sections
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What does not characterize a concerto cadenza in the Classic era?
The cadenza was placed at the end of the second solo section
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Johann Stamitz
- Sinfonia a 8 in E-flat major
- Mid-1750s
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JC Bach
- Concerto for harpsichord or Piano and Strings in E-flat major
- 1770s
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This Italian was the first important composer of symphonies.
GP Sammartini
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Writing in Vienna, his symphonies features contrasting themes.
Georg Wagenseil
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Active in London, he was an important influence on the young Mozart.
JC Bach
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His considered to be one of the leading composers of symphonies in France.
Francois-Joseph Gossec
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He was the founder of the symphony school in Mannheim.
Johann Stamitz
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Eine kleine Nachtmusik
- 1787
- Serenade for string quintet
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Franz Xaver Sussmayer
- Pupil of Mozart's
- Completed the Requiem
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Die Zaruberflote
- 1791
- Singspiel that incorporates Masonic elements
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Le Nozze di Figaro
- 1786
- Opera buffa based on Beaumarchais play
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Ludwig Kochel
Cataloguer of Mozart's works
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Idomeneo
- 1781
- First mature opera seria
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Lorenzo da Ponte
Librettist with whom Mozart often collaborated
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Don Giovanni
- 1787
- Dramma giocoso based on medieval legend
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Franz von Walsegg
Commissioned the Requiem mass
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Die Entfuhrung aus dem Serail
- 1782
- Singspiel set in a Turkish Harem
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Which instrumental genre represents Mozart's chief contribution to the literature?
Piano Concerto
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How many symphonies did Mozart write in Vienna?
6
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In what two cities did Mozart live and work for most of his life?
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Name the three composers who had significant influence on Mozart's mature style.
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