Musc Test 1

the characteristic sounds of a particular place, both human and nonhuman

the acoustic environment

the totality of socially transmitted behavior patterns, arts, beliefs, institutions, and all other products of human work and thought

subcategories of culture include:

a human group's total involvement with music

what does music culture include?

everything that has to do with music

an art of sound in time that expresses ideas and emotions in significant forms through the elements of rhythm, melody, harmony, and form

sound that is humanly patterned or organized

Properties of musical sound include:

found in all music cultures to coordinate complex tasks or for passing the time during less mentally demanding activities

worksongs used to coordinate complex tasks

worksongs used for passing the time during less mentally demanding activities

length, or duration, of individual notes

what does rhythm work with?

How long or short can notes be?

deliberate disruption of regular patterns

an accent is shifted to a weak beat or offbeat (in between the beats)

patterns into which rhythmic pulses are organized into natural grouping of regular occurring beats into repeated patterns

what are grouped beats?

what is considered to be the 1st beat?

music with a single meter throughout

What category does most of our music fall?

music without a strong sense of beat or meter

irregular grouping of beats in a larger pattern

example of additive meter

simultaneous use of different metric groupings

the musical material that we tend to focus on

the series of pitches that we can hum or whistle

highness or lowness of a sound

how can pitch be measured scientifically?

a unit of frequency equal to 1 cycle per second

uses the musical scal and a highness (sharp) or lowness (flat) indicator

tone quality (or tone color) of a sound

a natural sound consists of serveral pitches called ________________.

what gives a sound its particular tone color?

how is timbre measured?

length of the sound

how can duration be measured scientifically?

the repeating pulses in music

in music what is duration measured against?

loudness or softness of a sound

how can volume be measured scientifically?

that little something that can be added to the sound

examples of emphasis

small push of additional volume

a way to emphasize a point in a melody in classical musical

collection of pitches arranged in ascending or descending order

________ or _________ are assigned to the tones of the scale.

what is the scale?

the interval from do-do or 1-8

how can octave be measured?

If you start out playing the note A at 440 cycles per second and then play the A one octave higher, what will the octave be?

that which is NOT melody (vertical aspect of music)

3 or more tones sounded together

a chord not sounding together

describes how melody and harmony interact in various musics

single-voiced or musical line (either sung or instrumental)

no harmonic accompaniment or countermelodies

multiple voices (musical lines) elaborating the same melody at the same time

one main melodic line with accompanying parts

many-voiced texture based on counterpoint

one musical line or melody set against another

a sustained tone (or tones) in music often used to accompany melody

Where is drone most often found?

drones are built into some instruments such as _______.

refers to the structure of a musical performance: the prinicples by which it is put together and how it works

new text or verse without any repeated text set to the same music

new text or verse for 1 section with an exact repitition of the text and music for another

features a soloist, then a group response

a stock of music that is ready to be performed

repertory consists of:

everything related to the organization of musical sound itself

style consists of:

the named, standard untis of the repertory, such as "song" and its various subdivisions (lullaby, christmas carol, wedding song)

the many types of instrumental music and dances (jig, reel, waltz)

the words (or lyrics to a song)

bound up with social organizations
related to ideas about music

the way music is learned from 1 person to the next

refers to the material objects that people in a culture produce objects that can be seen, held, felt, and used

the study of folk and primitive music and of their relationship to the peoples and cultures to which they belong

the belief that one's own culture is superior to all others and is the standard by which all other cultures should be measured

the process of learning one's own culture gradually during childhood

the process of living and learning a new and different culture other than your own

Scientific instruments categores:

an instrument that uses a vibrating column of air

example of an aerophone

an instrument that uses a vibrating string

example of a chordophone

an instrument that vibrates itself

example of an idiophone

an instrument that uses a membrane that vibrates

examples of a membranophone