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Vitamin A
- -formation of visual purple, which enables the eye to adapt to dim light
- -normal growth and deve. of bones and teeth
- -form. and maint. of mucosal epithelium to maintain healthy funct. of skin and membranes, hair, gums, and various glands
- -important role in immune function
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Vitamin D
- -maintains serum calcium concentrations by:
- stimulating GI absorption
- stimulating the release of calcium from the bones
- stimulating calcium absorption from the kidneys
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Vitamin E
- -acts as an antioxidant to protect vit. A and PUFA from being destroyed
- -protects cell membranes
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Vitamin K
-Synthesis of blood clotting proteins and a bone protein that regulates blood calcium
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Thiamin (Vitamin B1)
- -coenzyme in energy metabolism
- -Promotes normal appetite and nervous system functioning
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Riboflavin (Vit B2)
- -coenzyme in energy metabolism
- -aids in the conversion of tryptophan into niacin
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Niacin(Vit B3)
- -coenzyme in energy metabolism
- -promotes normal nervous system functioning
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Vitamin B6
- -coenzyme in amino acid and fatty acid metabolism
- -helps convert tryptophan to niacin
- -helps produceinsulin, hemoglobin, myelin sheaths, and antibodies
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Folate
coenzyme in DNA synthesis, therefore vital for new cell synthesis and the transmission of inherited characteristics
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Vitamin B12
- coenzyme in the synthesis of new cells
- activates folate
- maintains nerve cells
- helps metabolize some fatty acids and amino acids
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Pantothenic Acid
part of coenzyme A used in energy metabolism
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Biotin
coenzyme in energy metabolism, fatty acids synthesis, amino acid metabolism, and glycogen formation
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Vitamin C
- collagen synthesis
- antioxidant
- promotes iron absorption
- involved in the metabolism of certain amino acids
- thyroxin synthesis
- immune system functioning
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