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Plasma
- C.T. matrix
- 55% total blood volume
- 92% water
- 7% plasma proteins
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Plasma proteins
- albumin-osmotic balance
- fibrinogen-blood clotting
- globulins-defense (antibodies)
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Formed elements
- 45% total blood volume
- 99.9% RBC's( erythrocytes)-transport O2 and CO2
- 0.1% WBC's(leukocytes)-defense/immunity
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Leukocytes
- White blood cells
- Never Let Monkeys Eat Banannas
- (most --> least common)
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Neutrophil (granulocyte)
- 3-7 lobed nucleus, small blue/purple granules
- development-14 days
- life span-6hours-few days
- function-phagocytize bacteria
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Eosinophil (granulocyte)
- bi-lobed nucleus, red granules
- development-14 days
- life span-8-12 days
- function-kill parasitic worms, destroy antigen-antibody complexes
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Basophil (granulocyte)
- U or S shaped nucleus, large purple granules
- development-1-7 days
- life span-few hours-few days
- function-release histamine & other mediators of inflammation
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Lymphocyte (agranulocyte)
- smallest WBC, spherical nucleus w/ light blue cytoplasm
- development-days-weeks
- life span-hours-years
- function-mount immune response via direct cell atk or antibodies
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Monocyte (agranulocyte)
- large U (kidney) shaped nucleus, grey-blue cytoplasm
- development-2-3 days
- life span-months
- function-phagocytosis. develop into macrophages in tissues
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Platelets
- cell fragments
- development-4-5 days
- life span-5-10 days
- function-seal small tears in blood vessels, blood clotting
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Hematocrit (packed cell volume)
- formed elements/total blood volume
- determines % RBC's in blood
- male-40-54%
- female-37-47%
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Agglutinogens (antigens)
specific glycoproteins on the outer surface of the RBC plasma membrane.
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Agglutinins (antibodies)
plasma proteins that accompany and react with RBC antigens, causing them to be clumped and eventually hemolyzed
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Blood typing
-on slide, reaction (clumping) means you have that antigen.
you make antibodies for the anitgens you don't have
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