What is a substance applied with a toothbrush or other applicator?
Dentrifice
Name 3 removal uses for dentrifice. What are two other agent/effect uses for dentrifice?
Biofilm, stain, deposit removal
Application of therpeutic agents (fluoride)
Superficial cosmetic effects (whitening)
reduction of biofilm formation and gingivitis
prevention of dental caries
remineralization of tooth structure
prevention of dental caries
remineralization of early noncavitated dental caries
reduction of hypersensitivity
reduction of supragingival calc formation
are all examples of _________ benefits of ________
therapeutic
dentrifice!
name two agents used to prevent the attachment of biofilm:
triclosan
zinc citrate
_________ is the primary agent that has shown efficacy in reducing gingival inflammation
triclosan
triclosan combined with copolymer (PVM/MA) = _______ ________ making effects last ______
increased substantivity
longer
the use of dentrifice has shown:
significant reductions in _________ biofilm formation,
reduction in gingival inflammation in _____ (mouth), and in _____ (in a petri dish in a lab)
supragingival
in vivo (VIVO LAS VEGAS!)
in vitro
the most commonly used agent in a commercial dentrifice for the reduction of dentin hypersensitivity is:
5% potassium nitrate
what does fluoride enhance?
remineralization
remineralization reduces ______ and dental _______
sensitivity
dental caries
Name four supragingival calc dentrifices that break the mineralization bond (plaque to calc):
pyrophosphate salts
zinc salts
sodium hexametaphosphate
triclosan
salt salt salt and triclosan
pigments from foods, tobacco, or chemical agents can become embedded in the aquired ________ and dental _______
pellicle
biofilm
cosmetic results from dentrifices are: (2)
mechanical removal of stained biofilm
delivery of bleaching agent
most dentrifices basic components include a detergent, ________, sweetener, ________, and therapeutic agent. they come in _______ and ______ form.
abrasive
humectant
pastes
gels
water _____% - ___% is the amount in dentrifices
20-40%
1-2% of the _________ agent prevents or enhances (such as Fl2 or desensitizer)
therapeutic
a therapeutic dentrifice has a _____ or _______ agent added for a specific preventive or therapeutic action
drug
chemical agent
1-2% of __________ lower surface tension
penetrate and loosen surface deposits
detergents
The foaming action of ________: moistens and lifts off tooth
detergents
name the two substances used in a detergent (hint: both sodium)
sodium lauryl sulfate USP
sodium N-lauryl sarcosinate
abrasives are ____% - ____%.
20-40%
T/F abrasives and polishing agents clean well with slight damage to the tooth surface
FALSE! NO damage to the surface
T/F a polishing agent is used to produce a rough tooth surface
False! Smoooooooth
T/F a smooth tooth surface can prevent or delay the reaccumulation of stains and deposits?
TRUE
Name the 6 abrasives used in dentrifices:
(hint: cc, ps, hao, s, s, dsg)
calcium carbonate
phosphate salts
hydrated aluminum oxide
silica
silicates
dehydrated silica gels
what is silica?
sand
binders/thickeners: ___% - ___%
1 - 2%
what are the two purposes of the binders (thickeners)?
stabilize the formulation
prevents separation of the solid and liquid ingredients during storage
name the two colloids, gum and cellulose types used in binders:
mineral colloids
seaweed colloids
natural gums
synthetic celluloses
what are the two purposes of humectants?
retain moisture
prevent hardening on exposure to air
___% - ___% of humectants
20 - 40%
xylitol, glycerol, and sorbitol are the three substances used in _________
humectants
___% - ___% for preservatives
2-3%
what prevents bacterial growth and prolongs shelf-life?
preservatives, like the awful for you preservatives in food!
alcohol, benzoates, and dichlorinated phenols are substances used in ___________
preservatives
________ ________ impart a pleasant flavor for pt acceptance and mask other ingredients that may have a nasty flavor
flavoring agents (sweeteners)
essential oils such as peppermint, cinnamon, wintergreen, and clove are substances used for what?
