-
- igneous
- rhyolite
- felsic
- K feldspar, micas, quartz
- fine-grained
- rapid cooling
- extrusive
- high Si, Al
- low Fe, Mg
- pinkish
-
- igneous
- granite
- felsic
- K feldspar, micas, quartz
- coarse-grained
- slow cooling
- intrusive
- high Si, Al
- low Fe, Mg
- pink/black/white
-
- igneous
- obsidion
- intermediate
- glassy
- very rapid cooling
- extrusive/volcanic
- dark
-
- igneous
- andesite
- amphibole, plagioclase feldspar
- intermediate
- fine-grained
- rapid cooling
- extrusive
- light gray
-
- igneous
- diorite
- intermediate
- amphibole, plagioclase feldspar
- coarse-grained
- slow-cooling
- intrusive
- salt and pepper
-
- igneous
- basalt
- mafic
- olivine, pyroxene, Ca rich plagioclase feldspar
- fine-grained
- rapid cooling
- extrusive
- low Si, Al
- high Fe, Mg
- dark gray/black
-
- igneous
- gabbro
- olivine, pyroxene, Ca rich plagioclase feldspar
- coarse-grained
- slow cooling
- intrusive
- low Si, Al
- high Fe, Mg
- gray/black/green
-
- mineral
- magnetite
- metallic
- oxide
- black streak
- fractures
- hardness 6
-
- mineral
- pyrite
- metallic
- sulfide
- gray/black streak
- fractures
- hardness 6
-
- mineral
- limonite
- metallic
- yellow/brown streak
- rusty color
- fractures
- hardness 1-6
-
- mineral
- pyroxene
- aluminum silicate
- dark nonmetallic
- 2 cleaveges at 90deg
- pale gray streak
- greenish-black
- hardness 6
-
- mineral
- amphibole
- aluminum silicate
- dark nonmetallic
- pale green streak
- 2 cleavages not 90deg
- hardness 6
-
- mineral
- olivine
- silicate
- dark nonmetallic
- fracture
- hardness 6.5
-
- mineral
- biotite mica
- aluminum silicate
- dark nonmetallic
- pale gray streak
- one plane cleavage
- hardness 2
-
- mineral
- quartz
- silicate
- light nonmetallic
- fracture
- crystal form
- hardness 7
-
- mineral
- plagioclase feldspar
- aluminum silicate
- light nonmetallic
- 2 cleavages at 90deg
- hardness 6
-
- mineral
- potassium feldspar
- silicate
- light nonmetallic
- 2 cleavage at 90deg
- hardness 6
-
- mineral
- calcite
- carbonate
- light nonmetallic
- rhombohedron
- fizzes w/ HCl
- hardness 3.5
-
- mineral
- halite
- halide
- light nonmetallic
- cubic
- hardness 2.5
-
- mineral
- muscovite mica
- aluminum silicate
- light nonmetallic
- cleavage on one plane
- hardness 2
-
- sedimentary
- conglomerate
- detrital
- large grain
- found in:
- - alluvial fans
- - base of mntns
- - mntns
- - coastal plains
-
- sedimentary
- breccia
- detrital
- large grain
- found in:
- - base of mntns
- - mntns
-
- sedimentary
- sandstone
- detrital
- medium grain
- quartz and feldspar
- found in:
- - shallow ocean
- - sandy beaches
- - coastal plain
- - mntns
- - base of mntns
- - dunes
-
- sedimentary
- shale
- detrital
- fine grain
- clay
- found in:
- - deep ocean
- - shallow ocean
- - coastal plane
-
- sedimentary
- fossiliferous limestone
- chemical
- large grain
- fizzes with HCl
- found in:
- - shallow ocean
-
- sedimentary
- coal
- chemical
- large grain
- found in:
- - swamp
-
- sedimentary
- rock salt (halite)
- chemical
- evaporite
- large grain
- found in:
- - dry lake
-
- sedimentary
- crystalline limestone
- chemical
- evaporite
- fine grain
- fizzes with HCl
- found in:
- - deep ocean
-
- sedimentary
- diatomite
- fine grain
- chalky
- fizzes with HCl
- found in:
- - deep ocean
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