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Animal Survival

  1. What are the main food types?
    • Fats
    • Carbohydrates
    • Protein
  2. What is used to test for glucose?
    Benedicts solution
  3. ______ turns black in the presence of starch?
    Iodine
  4. What is protein composed of?
    Amino acids
  5. What is fat built up of?
    Fatty acids and glycerol
  6. What elements do carbohydates and fats contian?
    • Hydrogen (H)
    • Carbon (C)
    • Oxygen (O)
  7. What elements does protein contain?
    • Hydrogen (H)
    • Carbon (C)
    • Oxygen (O)
    • Nitrogen (N)
  8. What do we need food for?
    • Fuel - for movement and body heat
    • Building material - for growth and tissue repair
    • For fighting disease
  9. What teeth do humans have?
    • Molars
    • Premolars
    • Incisors
    • Canines
  10. What teeth do carnivores have?
    • Molars
    • Premolars
    • Incisors
    • Canines
  11. What teeth do herbivores have?
    • Molars
    • Premolars
    • (Gap)
    • Incisors
    • Horny pad
  12. What is digestion?
    The breakdown of large insoluble food particles into smaller soluble particals
  13. What are the organs of digestion?
    • Mouth
    • Salivary glands
    • Oesophagus
    • Stomach
    • Liver
    • Gall bladder
    • Pancreas
    • Small intestine
    • Large intestine
    • Rectum
    • Anus
  14. Amylase is found in the....?
    saliva
  15. What breaks down protein into peptides then amino acids?
    Proteases
  16. What breaks down fat into fatty acid and glycerol?
    Lipase
  17. Where is bile made?
    In the liver
  18. Where is bile stored?
    In the gall bladder
  19. What does bile do?
    It emulsifies fats (breaks them down into smaller droplets)
  20. The _________ creates digestive juices containing enzymes which is passed into the small intestine?
    pancreas
  21. Why is the small intestine good at its job?
    As it has a large surface area and a good blood supply
  22. Where are the villi found?
    In the small intestine
  23. Glucose and amino acids diffuse into the _______ in the villi?
    capillaries
  24. Fatty acids and glycerol diffuse into _____ in the villi?
    the lacteal
  25. Why can soluble food diffuse across the villi efficiently?
    As it is only one cell thick
  26. Where is water reabsorbed?
    In the large intestine
  27. Describe peristalsis
    The muscles behind the food contract and the muscles in front of the food relax - moving the food along the alimentary canal
  28. What are the two types of reproduction?
    • Asexual (one parent)
    • Sexual (two parents)
  29. Where is sperm made?
    In the testes
  30. Where are eggs stored?
    In the ovaries
  31. Define fertilisation
    Fertilisation is when the nuclei of the sperm and the egg fuse together - creating a zygote
  32. What are the two types of fertilisation?
    • Internal
    • External
  33. Why is internal fertilisation essential among land animals?
    As there is no water in the animal's immediate environment to carry the sperm to the eggs
  34. Give two examples of things which would diffuse from mother to baby through the placenta?
    • Oxygen
    • Food
  35. Give two examples of things which would diffuse from baby to mother through the placenta?
    • Carbon Dioxide
    • Waste
  36. How is the foetus attatched to the placenta?
    With the umbilical chord
  37. The less parental care the young recieve the ______ the number of offspring produced?
    greater
  38. What may eggs be destroyed by in external fertilisation?
    • Being eaten
    • Not being fertilised
    • Being diseased
  39. What do your kidneys do?
    Filter your blood and regulate the water content in your body
  40. How do mammals gain water?
    • By drinking
    • By eating
    • Through respiration
  41. How do mammals lose water?
    • Via:
    • Sweat
    • Urine
    • Breathing
    • Faeces
  42. What chemical in your brain controls your water balance?
    Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
  43. If there is too much water in your body what will happen to the levels of ADH released?
    They will decrease
  44. If there is not enough water in your body what will happen to the levels of ADH released?
    They will increase
  45. What poisonous substance do the kidneys remove?
    Urea
  46. What is urea composed of?
    Excess amino acids which have been broken down
  47. The filtering of the blood is done by millions of tiny tubes called ________?
    nephrons
  48. What does a nephron consist of?
    Glomerulus, bowman's capsule, collecting duct and a network of capillaries
  49. What useful substances are reabsorbed back into the blood?
    • Glucose
    • Vitamins
  50. What machine will a person be put on if they suffer form kidney failure?
    A dialysis mahcine
  51. What other treatment can be used to treat kidney failure?
    A kidney transplant
  52. What do animals respond to?
    Stimuli
  53. What is a stimulus?
    A detectable change in the environment by an organism
  54. Why will a woodlouse move towards moisture?
    To keep its breathing system moist
  55. Why will a blowfly maggot move away from light?
    To obtain food and for protection from predators
  56. The change in light intensity between night and day would be an example of a......?
    daily change in the environment
  57. Organisms that regularly change their behaviour to respond to regular changes in the environment show _______ behaviour?
    rhymical
  58. The stimulus that sets off a change is called a _______ stimulus?
    trigger
  59. Give an example of rhythmical behaviour
    • Migration
    • Hibernation
Author
Anonymous
ID
63159
Card Set
Animal Survival
Description
Standard Grade Biology - Animal Surivival
Updated

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