The ___________ functions to conserve energy and promote rest and digestion including: reducing heart rate, increasing GI activity for digestion and absorption, and increasing excretion
parasympathetic nervous system
The ________ mobilizes energy resources in an emergency as part of the stress response, often referred to as the fight or flight system; functions involve increasing blood sugar, heart rate, and blood pressure, and dilating bronchioles to accommodate for increased respiration
sympathetic nervous system
true or false. ALL cholinergic responses are activiated by the muscarinic receptor
true
What is the cholinergic response of the radial muscle iris (eye)?
contraction (miosis) - the pupil gets smaller
What is the cholinergic response of the sphincter muscle iris (eye)?
contraction (near vision)
What is the cholinergic response of the SA node/Atria (heart)?
decrease in contractility increase in conduction velocity
What is the cholinergic response of the vagal nerve (heart)?
decrease in heart rate (bradycardia)
What is the cholinergic response of the coronary blood vessel?
dilation
What is the cholinergic response of the skin and mucosa blood vessels?
dilation
What is the cholinergic response of the salivary gland blood vessels?
dilation
What is the cholinergic response of the bronchial muscle (lung)
contraction
What is the cholinergic response of the motility of the intestine?
increased (diarrhea)
What is the cholinergic response of the sphincters of the intestines?
relaxation
What is the cholinergic response of the detrusor muscle or the urinary bladder?
contraction
What is the cholinergic response of the trigone and sphincter of the urinary bladder?
relaxation
What is the cholinergic response of the sweat glands?
generalized secretion
What is the cholinergic response of the salivary glands?
profuse, watery secretion
What is the adrenergic response of the radial muscle iris (eye)? And what is the receptor of this organ?
contraction (mydriasis) bigger pupil
alpha
What is the adrenergic response of the sphincter muscle iris (eye)? And what is the receptor of this organ?
relaxation (far vision)
beta-2
What is the adrenergic response of the SA node/Atria of the heart? And what is the receptor of this organ?
increase in heart rate, increase in contractility, and conduction velocity
beta-1
What is the adrenergic response of the coronary blood vessel? And what is the receptor for this organ?
constriction = alpha
dilation = beta-2
What is the adrenergic response of the skin and mucosa blood vessels? And what is the receptor for this?
constriction
alpha
What is the adrenergic response of the salivary gland blood vessels? And what is the receptor for this?
constriction
alpha
What is the adrenergic response of the bronchial muscle? And what is the receptor for this?
relaxation
beta-2
What is the adrenergic response of the intestine motility? And what is the receptor for this response?
decrease (constipation)
alpha, and beta-2
What is the adrenergic response of the sphincters of the intestine? And what is the receptor for this response?
alpha
contraction
What is the adrenergic response of the liver? ANd what is the receptor for this response?
glycogenolysis
beta
What is the adrenergic response of the detrusor muscle of the urinary bladder? And what is the receptor for this response?
relaxation
beta-2
What is the adrenergic response of the trigone and sphincter of the urinary bladder? And what is the receptor for this response?
contraction
alpha
What is the adrenergic response of the sweat glands? And what is the receptor for this response?
contraction, gooseflesh
alpha
What is the adrenergic response of the salivary glands? And what is the receptor for this response?
thick, viscous secretion
alpha
true or false. adrenergic responses are usually the opposite of cholinergic responses.
true
What both alpha dna beta receptors in the SNS are activated, alpha responses are generally the ___________ of beta responses
opposite
What is doxazosin? What does it do?
an alpha 1 blocking cardiovascular drug used to lower blood pressure
It blocks alpha 1 receptors in vascular smooth muscle allowing beta effects to prevail to produce vasodilation
What is atropine? And what does it do?
a PNS blocking agent, drug used to decrease salivary secretions
it blocks muscarinic receptors, allowing adrenergic effects to predominate
Atropine is classified as what 3 things? Meaning it will block muscarinic receptors?
PNS blocking agent
muscarinic
cholinergic blocking agent
The acronym SLUD describes the effects of the _________. What does it stand for?
parasympathetic nervous system
Salivation
Lacrimation
Urination
Defecation
How does SLUD help us remember some effects of the SNS? Give examples of SNS effects?
because effects of the SNS are usually opposite of the PNS
