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you must have how many symptoms in a month to be diagnosed with schizophrenia?
2
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negative symptoms of schiz?
affect, alogia, avolition, anhendonia
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positive smyptoms of schiz?
related to delusions, halucinations, tangenital speech
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cognitive symptoms of schiz?
disordered thinking, inability to make decisions, poor decision making and problem solving
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depressing symptoms of schiz?
hopelessness and suicidal thoughts
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Schizophrenia has 3 kind of hallucinations?
auditory, visual and command
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what is command hallucinations?
most serious, may cause harm to self or others
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types of schizophrenia?
paranoid, disorganized, catatonic, residual and undifferentiated
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suspicious toward others, and hallucinations?
paranoid schiz
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with drawl from society and very inappropriate behaviors such as poor hygiene and muttering constantly to self, more in homeless, bizarre mannerisms, speech hallucination and delusions
disorganized schizophrenia
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characterized by 2 abnormal movements?
catatonic schiz
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constant movement, unusual movement, posturing, incohherent speech, self care needs may be predominate, danger to self or others in thsi catatonic stage
excited
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client may appear comatose, waxy, flexibility, extreme self care needs in this catatonic stage?
withdrawn
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active symptoms are no longer present but the client has two or more symptoms?
resdiual schiz
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the client has symptoms of schiz but does not meet criteria for any other types
undifferentiated schiz
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goal of psychosocial treatment?
clinical and family support, rehab, humanitarian/public safety
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etiology of schiz?
role of seratonin and glumate, brain anomolies, birth complications, loss of o2, toxin exposure, infection
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hwo do u assess a schiz pt?
GAF scale
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schiz meds? treats pos and neg symptoms
risperdal, zyprexa, seroquel, abilify, clozaril
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meds of schiz that treat pos symptoms?
hadol, thorazine, prolixin
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anxiolytics/benzos
ativan and klonipin
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what should the nurse asses for in the psychiatric pt
though speech perception and behavior
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what should we have pt monitor with bipolar disorder!?
their caloric intake and increase activity
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Mood disorders with recurrent episodes of depression and mania, characterized by wide fluctations in mood and affect.
bipolar disorder
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extremely elevated mood with accompying agitated behavior
mania
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the altertations in mood between depression
cycling
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mild of mania without significant impairment
hypomania
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euphoria, agitation, irritability, increased talking, activity, impulse, flight of ideas, grandiose view of self, poor judgement, attention seeking, decreased sleep, delusions, halucinations, denial of illness
manic episodes
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flat, blunted, liable effect, tearful, crinyg, lack of energy, anhendonia, physical symptoms of discomfort/ pain, self destructive behavior, disturbed sleep
depressive episodes
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a very risky sexual behavior coming forth and cant sit down!
manic phase of bipolar disorders
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what meds are used if lithium doesnt work?
anticonvulsants
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side effects of anticonvulsants?
GI, hepatotoxicity, pancreatitis, thrombocytopenia
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what are four common characteristics of personality disorders?
inflexibility/maladaptive responses to stree, disability in social/professional relationships, tendency to provoke interpersonal conflict, capacity to cause irritation or distress in others.
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personality disorders are divided in how many groups?
3
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Group A
paranoid, schizo, schizotypal
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Group B
Antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic
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Group C
avoidant, dependent, obsessive compulsive
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perfectionist, focuses on orderliness and control, individual may not be able to finish
OCD
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social inhibition, avoidance of all wants a relationship but fears rejection,
avoidant
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extreme dependent, relationship urge replacement, personality disorder seen in clinics
dependent
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disgreduard, unlawful actions,deceitful, fails to accept respsonsibility, the anti social goes to jail
anti social
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unstable , fear abandonment,manipulative and impulsive, borderline "breaks hearts"
borderline
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seeks emotinoal attention, center of attention and seductive and flirtatious
histrionic
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arrogant, grandiose view of self,needs admiration,lacks empathy toward others,sensitive toward critism
narcissisitic
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group of conditions characterized by the disruption of thinking, memory, processing and problem solving
cognitive disorders
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cognitive disorders include
delirium, dementia
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should you use rugs for people with cognitive disorders?
no! short simple sentences, eye contact, clocks, low visual stimulation, monitor i and o, make routine
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short onset(hours or days)fluctiatin impairments
delirium
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LOC altered, sundowning may occur, restless
delirium
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perceptual disturbances, and unstable
delirium
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gradual onset, impairments do not change thru otu the day
dementia
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LOC usually unchanged, restless, agitation, sundowning can occur
dementia
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persnality change is gradual, VS remain stable
delirium
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what can cause delirium? is it reversible?
infection or substance abuse and out come is reversible.
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caused by a chronic disease, cased by permanent trauma, irreversible
dementia
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what are the 4 stages of alzhiemers?
forgetfullness, confusion, ambulatory dementia, end stage
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short term loss, decreased attn span, substitute personality disorders, mild cognitive deficits, diff with depth perception, what stage of alzhiemers is this?
stage 1 alzheimers
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obvious memory loss,wandering, confusion, impaired judgement, confabilation, sundowning, irritable,, poor spatial orientation, symptoms of stress, depression, what stage of alzhmiers is this?
stage 2
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loss of reasoning and ability, increasing loss of expressive language, loss of adl's, more withdrawn, what stage of alzheimers is this?
stage 3
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impaired or absent cognitive,communication and motor skills, bowel or bladder incontinence, inibility to recognize things, what stage of alzheimers is this?
stage 4
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how are meds for alzhmeirs based?
off depleted enzyme levels of acetyltransferase necessary to produce acetycholine
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cholinesterase inhibitor?
increases the availibility of acetycholine at neurotransmitter sites
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used in mild to mdoerate alzheimers?
cholinesterase inhibitor
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n/v, bradycardia?
adverse reactions of cholinesterasi inhibitor
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when should u administer cholinesterase inhibitor? and what to aovid?
at bed time and antihistamines, tricylic antidepressants, conventional antipsychotics,
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blocks the entry of calcium into nervee cells which slows brain cell death
Namenda (memantine)
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associated wiht overwhelming stress, traumatic life events, accidents, disasters,witnessed or experienced
dissociative amnesia
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amnesia, inability to recall some or all of ones past and idenit, may form new idenity, can last hours or weeks or months
dissociative fuge
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formally known as multiple personality disorder
DID
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DID symptoms
headaches, bodily pain, time distortion, time lapse, amnesia
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a recurrent sense of detaachment from ones body or mental processes-feel like an obsever of ones life
depersonalization disorder
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generally associated with child abuse
depersonalization disorder
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defect in appearnance which causes significant distress or interferes with socialization, occupational or other important aspects of functioning
body dysmorphic disorder
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morbid fear of obesity, body weight less than 85% of norm, calorie counters
anorexia
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eats large amount of foods over a short time and then vomits it up
bulima
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somatization disorder? reactions?
multiple pain symptoms of head, neck, nack, stomach, limbs, 2 or more GI symptoms, mentrusal complaints, blindness, cant walk
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impaired liver function test, elevated cholesterol leverl, decreased bone density, hypokalemia, leukopenia, abnormal thyroid test
common lab findings for anorexia
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hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, electrolyte imbalance
common labs for bulimia
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what are the main problems with anorexia and bulimia?
cardiac problems and we should monitor vs, electrolyte levels,ekgs
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