Cardiovascular2

The main function of the cardiovascular system is to maintain an adequate ____ of _____ to all the tissues in the body

The function of the cardiovascular system is accomplished by _______ contractions of the heart.

The heart rate is controlled by the ______ nervous system.

_______ accelerates the heart rate and increases the force of its contraction.

The purpose of the heart valves is to prevent?

The heart chambers are composed of _____ muscle.

The tricusped valve has three _____ and is between the ____ atrium and ____ ventricle.

The semilunar valves separate the ______ from the great vessels leaving the heart.

______ circulation provides oxygen and nourishment to tissues throughout the body.

_______ circulation is the circulation of blood through the lungs to increase the oxygen level in the blood.

______ circulation requires a greater pressure so the wall of the _____ ventricle is considerably thicker.

The heart chambers relax and fill with blood during ______.

The rhythm of the heart is dependant upon the conduction system, which produces impulses initially in the ________ and _________.

Diastolic overloading and enlargement of the left atrium and left ventricle are the radiographic appearance of?

______________ produces a prominent aortic knob because of shunting of blood through the aorta.

Tetralogy of Fallot consists of a combination of what four abnormalities?

________ of the aorta causes a decreased blood flow to the abdomen and legs because of the constriction of the vessel.

In most patients, coronary artery narrowing is caused by deposits of ______ material in the inner arterial wall.

Death of the myocardium due to coronary artery occlusion is referred to as a _________________.

Fifty percent of coronary artery disease occurs in the _____ coronary.

In percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, a ballon catheter is used to ____ the constricted coronary artery.

Name four associated radiographic appearances related to left-sided heart failure.

The radiographer can influence the size of the heart on an image by changing which three criteria?

Cardiomegally is evaluated using the ________ ratio.

The most common cause of pulmonary edema is elevated _____________ pressure.

A loss of normal sharp definition of the pulmonary vascular markings occurs in ____________.

Blood pressure is dependent upon what two factors.

Name the two types of aneurysms.

A KUB demonstrates a curvilinear _______ in the wall of an aneurysm.

Abdomial aortic aneurysms are called the silent killer because of the danger of a ____________.

In case of closed chest trauma, name other imaging signs besides mediastinal widening that are important for a definitive diagnosis of rupture of the aorta.

An intravascular clot is called a?

______ circulation provides the myocardium with nourishment.

What is the contraction phase of the heart called?

Double membranous sac surrounding the heart?

______ prevents back flow between the right atrium and the right ventricle.

______ stimulates mechanical contraction of the atria.

Accumulation of fluid within the space surrounding the heart?

Closed chest trauma with mediastinal widening.

______ develops in the veins where blood flow is static (slow).

__________ are dilated elongated tortuous vessels.

Disruption of the inner layer of the blood vessel allowing blood to enter the wall of the aorta?

Free communication between the atria, from a lack of closure of the foramen ovale.

Inability of the heart to provide the body with an adequate blood supply.

Leading cause of strokes and CHF?

Most common cause of cyanotic congenital heart disease?

Narrowing or constriction of the aorta?

Saccular and fusiform are types of?

Symptom of hardened arteries that have a loss of elasticity?

Vessel connecting the pulmonary artery and the aorta that should be closed after birth?

The most common congenital cardiac lesion is?

________ is becoming the modality of choice to image heart disease because both the morphologic and functional anomalies can be visualized.

The classic "coeur en sabot" resembling the curved portion of the wooden shoe (boot shaped) appears in cases of?

Rib notching and two buldges in the region of the aortic knob demonstrate radiographically as?

The most commonly used noninvasive study to assess regional blood flow and tissue viability of the myocardium is?

The definitive procedure to determine the presence and severity of coronary artery disease is?

Right-sided heart failure causes a back flow of blood in the _______________.

The "butterfly" or "bat wings" pattern that is most prominent in the central portion of the lungs is indicitive of?

What is the radiographic appearance of pulmonary edema?

Systolic pressure above ____ and diastolic pressure above ______ is considered hypertensive.

A result of long standing hypertension is?

Localized dilation of an artery is an?

Which of the following are types of aneurysms?
saccular, fusiform, weakness in the blood vessel wall

For abdominal aortic aneurysms, the noninvasive modality or procedure of choice for initial detection is?

To best demonstrate the location and extent of an aneurysm, the diagnostician's choice in imaging is (of the following): CTA, MRA, US

______ begins with an intimal tear in the aorta.

The classic "double-barrel" aorta is indicitive of?

To demonstrate venous patency in varicose veins, ______ is the procedure of choice.

Bacteria or fungi form vegitations on the heart valves in (what pathology)?

On echocardiography, a posterior sonolucent fluid collection surrounding the heart is suggestive of?

The development of nodules or vegitations on the heart valves caused by bacteria or fungi is indicitive of?

Septic emboli is a complication of?

The most common underlying disorder causing renovascular hypertension is?

A tear in the intima is an?

A hemorrhage into the mediastinum causes a mediastinal widening and a loss of a discrete aortic knob shadow in a?

To identify a clot within an aneurysm, the modality of choice is?

A saccular aneurysm is defined as an?

The continued strain of _________ leads to dilation and enlargement of the left ventricle.

___________ is most commonly seen in young women and appears radiographically as a pattern of a "string of beads."

________ refers to an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the extravascular pulmonary tissue.

A bilateral symmetric fan-shaped infiltration seen on a OA CXR is the characteristic radiographic sign of?

The cardiothoracic (C/T) ratio is used to evaluate?

When the heart lacks the ability to adequately supply the bosy with blood, the patient has?

When coronary vascularization is occluded, the area of the myocardium loses its blood supply, causing?

A constriction on the aorta causing a reduced blood flow to the abdominal organs and the lower extremities is called ________ of the aorta.

Cyanotic congenital heart disease consists of four abnormalities to include: high ventricular septal defect, overriding of the aortic orifice abouve the VSD, right ventricular hypertrophy and?

A vessel extending from the pulmonary artery to the aorta occurs in patients with?

If the first impulse in the conduction system of the heart fails to fire, the _______ will generate rhythmic impulses at a slower normal rate.

Temporary oxygen insufficiency to the heart muscle causes severe chaest pain termed?

A congenital narrowing or constriction of the thoracic aorta is referred to as?

The ______ of the heart are the major site of damage from rheumatic fever.

The most sensative and specific noninvasive method of diagnosing mitral stenosis is?

The invasive procedure for determining deep vein thrombosis is?

The most accurate screening procedure for assessing renovascular lesions is?

A potentially life-threatening condition that usually begins as a tear in the intima above the aortic valve is an?