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Psychotherapy & Clinical Practice: Intervention Theories and Models

Home Get App Take Quiz Create Alderian Psychotherapy Appropriate for issues of goals and direction Techniques: Examination of life script Guided and Eidetic Imagery Empowerment and encouragement Analysis of birth order and family Early recollections Role-playing Natural and logical consequences Development of social interest Behavioral Therapy Targeting dysfunctional behaviors Altering actions Describe symptoms in terms of behavior For clients with low to moderate functioning ie. eating disorders, conduct disorders, substance use disorders, impluse control disorders, conflict disorders, phobias and sexual combo with cognitive therapy for depression and anxiety, early stage personality Cognitive Therapy Symptoms described in terms of cognitive dysfunction Low to moderate functioning clients benefit most generally combined with behavi Existential Psychotherapy Goal of changing meaning Indicated for high functioning individuals (& V Code diagnoses) For mild to moderate depression or anxiety, help coping with a life-threatening illness , those seeking a sense of meaning and direction in their lives Techniques: Encouraging client responsibility and self-confidence Clarification of options, facilitation of choices Life review to discover meaning and accomplishments Development of spirituality, discussion of belief system Paradoxical interventions Gestalt Counseling Used in combination with other cognitive and behavioral approaches Moderate to high functioning Ongoing concerns into somatic complaints Goal of unblocking/unlocking feelings Targets anger, grief, anxiety and depression Techniques: Unfinished business Giving voice to physical sensation, nonverbal cues Dream exploration Empty chair Top Dog/underdog Exaggerating feelings and actions Confrontation Encouragement of awareness and responsibility Person-Centered Techniques For high functioning individuals with minor concerns, desiring personal growth Helps with disorders invol. self-esteem and self-confidence Clients seeking direction in goal setting and find it helpful Focusing on the stressor and the symptom Techniques: Acceptance, unconditional positive regard Empathy, reflection of feeling Support, encouragement Clarification, open questions, goal setting Genuineness, modeling, rapport building Prolonged Psychoanalysis For individuals diagnosed with hysteric or phobic disorders Ineffective for: paranoia, borderline personality & obesity Psychodynamic Psychotherapy For high functioning individuals with V Code disorders Short-term is beneficial for depression, anxiety and situational disorders with repeated patterns Long-term useful for personality disorders, multiple personality disorders Target the unconscious to affect the conscious Techniques: Analysis of transference Exploration of dsyfunctional patterns Relationship of history to present concerns Discussion of dreams Processing of early childhood memories Hypnotherapy Interpersonal psychotherapy(analysis of focal relationship concerns) Making the unconscious conscious Interpretation Family System Murray Bowen: Family as the emotional system> balance btw individuality and togetherness Differentiation of self Mechanisms of reactivity in the nuclear family Triangles Multigenerational transmission processes Sibling position anxiety Emotional cutoff Techniques: Neutrality Questions IN COUPLES THERAPY: A triangle is formed - avoid taking sides Couples need to be forced to deal with each other The therapist takes an "I" position Makes non-reactive observations and statements of opinion INDIVIDUAL THERAPY: Goal to develop the person-to-person relationships See family members as people rather than emotionally charged images Learn to recognize triangles Detriangle oneself Speaking and listening skills Use genograms Behavioral Family Environment either positive or negative Learning occurs with positive or negative reinforcement Techniques: Parent effectiveness training Treating of sexual dysfunction Martial technique Experiential Family Carl Whitaker Virginia Satir Promote communication and interaction Emotion organizes attachment responses and serves a communicative function in a relationship Encourage clients to relax defensive fears so genuine emotions can emerge and illicit a more compassionate and nurturing response from partners and family Whitaker: Techniques: Co-therapists Therapy with "crowd" in the room Whitaker- psychotherapy as Absurd Therapist active and directive Therapist takes a theoretical stance Facilitation of individual autonomy and a sense of belonging in the family Encourage spontaneity, creativity, the ability to play and the willingness to let go and be "crazy" The therapist's role is more of a facilitator, through the use of reflection Satir Techniques: This approach stresses the involvement of the therapist with the family Family mapping and chronologies Create new meaning and liberate family members Open communication Intergenerational Model of Family reconstruction: A psycho-dramatic reenactment of a significant event used to help unlock the point from which the dysfunctional patterns stem Co-therapy to balance out transference Family sculpting Family puppet interviews Family art therapy Draw a picture of how you see yourself as a family Gestault therapy techniques: Empty chair Role playing Narrative Family Michael White How people construct meaning in their lives rather than just ways they behaved to maintain new narratives, clients need supportive communities. Advocates writing letters to clients. Techniques: Externalize the problem: the person is not the problem tell their problem-saturated story Ask the question: “Who’s in charge, the person or the problem?” Read between the lines Re-author the whole story Reinforce the new story Deconstruct destructive cultural assumptions Strategies fall into three stages:• Problem narrative stage• Find exceptions stage• Recruit support stage These strategies involve a series of questions• Deconstruction questions: Externalize the problem• Open Space questions: Uncover unique outcomes• Preference questions: Make sure unique outcomes represent preferred experiences• Story Development questions: Develop new story from seeds of preferred uniqueoutcomes• Meaning questions: Designed to challenge negative self images and emphasizepositive agency• Questions to extend the story into the future PSYCHODYNAMIC FAMILY THEORY The concept is that problems in the family are unconscious conflicts that are projected on thechildren. Techniques: The therapist works with the most motivated and responsible individuals in the family andstrives through them to produce change and growth in the family system STRATEGIC FAMILY Bateson’s model,brief therapy. Milton Erickson and Jay Haley Erickson stressed a strategic approach of the therapy pragmatic and problem solving in conjunction with hypnotherapy. Haley developed his own brief therapy model focusing on context and possible function of symptoms. He instructed clients to act in a manner contradictory to their maladaptive pattern. Rules are the problem, not the behavior. Techniques: Reframing Paradoxical intervention Positive feedback loops Changing rules that govern behavior STRUCTURAL FAMILY Salvador Minuchin, structural family therapy divides family problems into thoserelationships within a family unit or those in what he termed the ‘subsystems’ of the family. Techniques: Creating healthy boundaries Techniques are active, directive and carefully thought out Family mapping Enactment Joining Reframing

Author Tmr22 ID 62305 Card Set Psychotherapy & Clinical Practice: Intervention Theories and Models Description Intervention Theories and Models Updated 2011-01-27T18:56:30Z Show Answers